Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology > Microbial Diseases of the Lower Respiratory Tract > Flashcards

Microbial Diseases of the Lower Respiratory Tract Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what are the symptoms of penumococcal pneumonia?

A
  • short, rapid breathing
  • rust colored sputum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what pathogen causes pneumococcal pneumonia?

A

streptococcus pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

how is pneumococcal pneumonia transmitted?

A

inhalation of bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the symptoms of primary atypical pneumonia?

A
  • fever
  • excessive sweating
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what pathogen causes primary atypical pneumonia?

A

mycoplasma pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how is primary atypical pneumonia transmitted?

A

nasal secretions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are the symptoms of klebsiella pneumonia?

A

thick, bloody sputum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what pathogen causes klebsiella pneumonia?

A

klebsiella pneumoniae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the symptoms of Pneumonia Chlamydophila Psittaci?

A
  • flu like
  • severe pneumonia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what can Pneumonia Chlamydophila Psittaci cause?

A

ornithosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how is Pneumonia Chlamydophila Psittaci transmitted?

A

inhaling bacteria in bird droppings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are the symptoms of legionnaire’s disease?

A
  • typical pneumonia symptoms
  • complications in GI, CNS, liver and kidneys
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what pathogen causes legionnaire’s disease?

A

legionella pneumophila—> kills human lung cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the symptoms of tuberculosis?

A
  • minor cough
  • minor fever
  • wheezing
  • coughing up blood
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how do you treat tuberculosis?

A

INH (isoniazid) + Rifampin + Ethambutol or streptomycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how do you prevent tuberculosis?

A

BCG vaccine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is primary TB?

A

hard nodules form in lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is secondary TB?

A

tubercule ruptures and begins an active infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is disseminated TB?

A

macrophages carry pathogen all over the body

20
Q

what is the mortality rate of TB?

A

55% mortality rate in untreated patients

21
Q

what is TB the leading killer of?

A

leading killer of HIV+ individuals

22
Q

where is TB a pandemic in?

A

pandemic in Asia/Africa

23
Q

how is pertussis transmitted?

A

airborne droplets

24
Q

what is the prevention for pertussis?

A

DTaP vaccine

25
Q

what are the symptoms of inhalational anthrax?

A

Progresses to severe coughing, nausea, lethargy, fainting, shock, and death

26
Q

how is anthrax transmitted?

A

Acquired by contact or inhalation of endospores

27
Q

what is the virulence factors for the flu?

A

hemagglutinin, neuramidase

28
Q

how is influenza transmitted?

A
  • inhalation
  • self inoculation
29
Q

what is antigenic drift?

A
  • gene mutation
  • occurs every two years
30
Q

what is antigenic shift?

A
  • reassortment of genes
  • occurs every 10 years
31
Q

what are the symptoms of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection?

A
  • some children develop tracheobronchitis
  • leading cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia
32
Q

what pathogen causes Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection?

A

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

33
Q

how is Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection transmitted?

A
  • close contact with infected persons
  • survives 5 hours in the environment
  • survives 2 hours on skin and facial tissue
34
Q

what are the symptoms of Hentavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS)?

A
  • muscle aches
  • after 4-10 it can progress to cough, shock and labored breathing
35
Q

how is Hentavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) transmitted?

A

from mice

36
Q

what are the symptoms of Coccidiodomycosis?

A
  • resemble pneumonia and tuberculosis
  • can be systemic in immunocompromised individuals
  • fatal if spread to brain and spinal cord
37
Q

how is Coccidiodomycosis transmitted?

A

inhalation of conidospores from soil

38
Q

what is Coccidiodomycosis known as and where is it found?-

A
  • known as valley fever
  • found in southwest US and northern mexico
39
Q

what are the symptoms of blastomycosis?

A
  • flu like
  • lesions on face and upper body (60-70% of all cases)
40
Q

how is blastomycosis transmitted?

A

inhalation of dust with fungal spores

41
Q

how is blastomycosis treated?

A
  • amphoterecin (10 weeks)
  • itraconazole (3-6 months)
42
Q

what are the symptoms of histoplasmosis?

A
  • asymptomatic in most cases
  • symptomatic infections cause thick, bloody sputum or skin lesions
43
Q

how is histoplasmosis transmitted?

A

humans inhale airborne spores from the soil

44
Q

what are the symptoms of Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP)?

A
  • anemia
  • hypoxia
  • untreated destroys lung tissue
45
Q

how is Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP) transmitted?

A

inhalation of droplets containing the fungus

46
Q

where is Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP) common among?

A

AIDS patients

Microbiology (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions