Microbial Control Flashcards
It is also known as “gentian violet”
Crystal Violet
Crystal Violet is also known as?
“Gentian Violet”
A triarylmethane dye used for histological and Gram’s staining.
Crystal Violet
Crystal violet is a ____ used for histological ang Gram’s staining
Triarylmethane dye
It possesses anti-microbial effect against certain pathogens
Crystal Violet
Possesses anti-microbial effect against certain pathogens especially in dermatological infections.
Crystal Violet
Crystal Violet possesses anti-microbial effect against certain pathogens especially in?
dermatological infections
It Has been shown to have activity against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria
Crystal Violet
A low-cost alternative to treat resistant bacteria in the skin
Crystal Violet
2 Types of Antibiotic Sensitivity Test
- Kirby-Bauer Method
- Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)
It is also known as the agar disk diffusion (ADD) test.
Kirby-Bauer Method
Kirby-Bauer Method is also known as the?
Agar Disk Diffusion (ADD) test
It is a standard industrial
procedure for determining whether bacteria are sensitive or resistant to antimicrobial compounds
Kirby-Bauer method / Agar Disk Diffusion (ADD) test
It is when bacteria are placed on a plate of solid growth medium and wafers of antibiotics (white disks, shown) are added to the
plate.
Kirby-Bauer Method/ Agar Disk Diffusion (ADD) test
It determines the lowest
concentration of an antimicrobial agent that prevents a microorganism from
growing visibly in a culture medium.
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration uses ____
serial dilution of antibiotics
What uses serial dilution of antibiotics?
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)
What agar is used in Kirby-Bauer Disc Diffusion Method?
Meuller Hinton Agar
In the results of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), high tubidity means ?
Bacterial growth
In the results of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), low tubidity means ?
No bacterial growth
In the results of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), it means bacterial growth.
High turbidity
In the results of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), it means no bacterial growth.
Low turbidity
The lowest concentration of antimicrobial agent that is capable of inhibiting bacterial growth is called:
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)
It is performed by
soaking stainless steel carriers in bacteria, treating them with the disinfectant, and finally placing the carriers in growth broth
to determine if any still have surviving bacteria
Use-Dilution Method
What is being soaked in the Use-Dilution Method?
Stainless steel carriers
Where are stainless steel carriers being soaked in Use-Dilution Method?
in bacteria
It develops standards, methods, quality control parameters and
interpretive criteria for sensitivity testing.
Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)
based on emerging resistance, breakpoints of SIR (susceptible,
intermediate, resistant) can be changed
Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)
Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) based on emerging resistance, ____ (susceptible, intermediate, resistant) can be changed
breakpoints of SIR
SIR in breakpoints of SIR means?
- Susceptible
- Intermediate
- Resistant
Approximately 50 antibacterial agents have been tested by them.
Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)
How many antibacterial agents have been tested by the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)?
approximately 50
Each laboratory should have a battery of antibiotics used for
testing (least toxic, most effective and clinically important;
refrain from using broad-spectrum, expensive antibiotics)
Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)
Battery of antibiotics used for testing
- least toxic
- most effective
- clinically important
What should be refrained from using in laboratory testing by the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI)?
broad-spectrum, expensive antibiotics
interpretive category indicating that the organism is inhibited
by the recommended dose at the infection site
Susceptible (S)
Organism requires a higher dose of antibiotic for a longer
period of time to be inhibited
Intermediate (I)
organism is not inhibited by the recommended dose
Resistant (R)
The term for the Interpretative Standards for Staphylococcus and E. Coli species.
Zone Diameter Interpretative Standards
Done using McFarland Turbidity
Standard
Inoculum standardization
Inoculum standardization is done using:
McFarland Turbidity
Standard
In inoculum standardization, inoculum should be:
0.5 MFU (McFarland Units)
MFU stands for?
McFarland Units
Used to standardize the
approximate number of bacteria
in a liquid suspension by visually
comparing the turbidity of a test
suspension with the turbidity of a
McFarland standard
Inoculum standardization
Composed of barium chloride
and sulfuric acid that are used to
estimate the number of bacteria
in a liquid suspension
Inoculum standardization
Inoculum standardization is composed of ___ and ___ that are used to estimate the number of bacteria in a liquid suspension
- barium chloride
- sulfuric acid
Other tests that can be used in Antimicrobial Sensitivity Testing and Drug selection
- E-test, “Epsilometer” (Gradient diffusion method)
- “MIC on a stick”
The E in E-test means?
Epsilometer
Other term for E-test, “Epsilometer”
Gradient diffusion method
Gradient diffusion method is another term for?
E-test, “Epsilometer”
Plastic strips impregnated
with antimicrobial on one side
and scale on the other side
“MIC on a stick”
MIC scale can be viewed where?
on other side
MIC is read where ___
ZOI intersects scale
____ is read where ZOI
intersects scale
MIC
_____ can be viewed on
other side
MIC scale
Lowest concentration of an antimicrobial agent that visibly inhibits the growth of the organism
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration
Lowest concentration of the antimicrobial agent that results in the death of the organism
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration
