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12 Neet > Microbes > Flashcards

Microbes Flashcards

1
Q

Kon kon microbes hai ?

A

Protozoa, bacteria,fungi, microscopic Animals, plant viruses, viroids, prions(proteinaceous)

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2
Q

Lactobacillus? Kaam

A

(LAB )lactic acid bacteria
Grow in milk and convert into curd
Produces lactic acid that coagulates and partially digest milk protein

Increase vitamin b12
Checking disease causing microbes

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3
Q

Bakers yeast

A

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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4
Q

Toddy ?

A

South Indian drink
Fermenting sap from palm tree

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5
Q

Swiss cheese

A

Large holes present due to co2
By bacteria
Propionibacterium sharmanii

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6
Q

Roquefort cheese

A

Fungi
Flavour specific

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7
Q

Beverages me konsi yeast?

A

Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Commonly called brewers yeast p

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8
Q

Distillation and without distillation drinks ?

A

Distillation - whisky,brandy ,rum

Without distillation - wine beer
(WINE AND BEER KE SATH NO DOSTI)

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9
Q

Beverages quality depends upon

A

Raw materials
Processing

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10
Q

What are antibiotics?

A

Antibiotics are chemical substances which are produced by some microbes and can kill or retard the growth of other disease causing microbes

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11
Q

Alexander Fleming? Ka kaam

A

Staphylococci bacteria
Chemical produced- penicillin
Penicillium notatum

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12
Q

Penicillin ka full potential kisne diya?

A

Ernest chain and florey

Used to treatment of American soldiers in ww2

Fleming chain florey
Nobel price 1945

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13
Q

Antibiotics aur kis bimari me kaam ati hai uske ex?

A

Plague
Whooping cough (kali khasi)
Diphthria(gal ghotu)
Leprosy(kust rog)

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14
Q

Acid producers microbes example?

A

Aspergillus niger (fungus) - citric acid
Acetobacter aceti ( bacteria) - acetic acid
clostridium butylicium( bacteria) - butyric acid
Lactobacillus - lactic acid

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15
Q

Lipase (enzyme) function

A

Detergent formulation removing oily stains

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16
Q

Why bottle juices are clear than home?!

A

Use of pectinase and protease

17
Q

Clot buster ? Kon

A

Bacteria streptococcus
Produces streptokinase
Remove clots from blood vessel of patients undergone myocardial infarction

18
Q

Cyclosporine A ?

A

Fungus tricoderma polysporum
Immunosuppresive agent in organ transplant

19
Q

Blood cholestrol lowering agent

A

Monascus puppureus (yeast)
Produces statins
Inhibit enzyme responsible for synthesis of cholestrol

20
Q

The type of gas depends upon

A

Microbes and organic substances

21
Q

Methanogens ? And example

A

Grows anaerobically on cellulose material produce large amount of CH4, CO2 and H2
Ex- methanobacterium
Found in anaerobic sludge
Also present in rumen of cattle

Cellulose material present in the food of cattle also present in rumen
Bacteria- breakdown of glucose and important role nutrition of cattle

22
Q

Explain biogas plant ?

A

Consist of concrete tank (10-15 feet)
Floating cover placed over the slurry

23
Q

IARI and KVIC full form ?

A

Indian agricultural research institute
Khadi and village industries commitee

24
Q

Aphid and mosquito killer ?

A

Ladybird
Dragonflies

25
Q

Microbial biocontrol agent to control butterfly and caterpillars

A

Bacillus thurengenesis
Available in sachets
Mixed with water and sprayed into vulnerable plants such as brassicas and fruit trees

26
Q

Example of plant resistant to attack by insect pest

A

Bt cotton

27
Q

Which biocontrol agent used for treatment of plant disease ?

A

Fungus tricoderma
Found in root ecosystem

28
Q

Pathogens that attack insects and other arthropods

A

Baculovirus
Biocontrol agent in genus nucleopolyuhedrovirus (npv)
Viruses are excellent in species - species,narrow spectrum intestidal application
No negative impact on plants mammals,birds,fish

29
Q

Ipm full form

A

Integrated pest management programme

30
Q

Biofertilizer?

A

Biofertilizers are organism that enrich the Nutrient quality of the soil.
Soarces are bacteria, fungi, cyanobacteria

31
Q

Symbiotic association?

A

Rhizobium,
Leguminous plant
N2 fixation into organic forms

Other examples of N2 fixation are
Azospirillum and azotobacter

32
Q

Symbiotic associaton(fungi )?

A

Plant mycorrizha
Genus of glomus form mycorrhizal
Absobs phosphorus from soil
And passes to plant
Provides resistance to reot borne pathogens,tolence to salinity and drought

33
Q

N2 fixation cyanobacteria ex

A

Anabaena,nostoc,oscillatoria

34
Q

Blue green algae

A

Add organic matter to the soil and increases fertility

35
Q

STPs full form

A

Sewage treatment plants

36
Q

Treatment of waste water is done by ?

A

Heterotrophic microbes

37
Q

primary treatment ? Explain

A

Physical removal of particles -large and small
Through filtration and sedimentation

Initially, Floating debris is removed by sequntial filtration
Then, grit(soil and small pebbles) by sedimentation
Then the supernatent forms the effluent
And taken to the secondary treatment

12 Neet (10 decks)

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