Cell Biology

Question 1

Leewenhoek ne kya kiya tha ??

Answer 1

Sabse pehle LIVE CELL ko dekha

Question 2

Robert brown ne kya kiya ?

Answer 2

Nucleus discovery

Question 3

Schleiden ne kya kiya aur kab aur kaha se ?

Answer 3

1838
Geman botanist
Plants me sare parts different type ke cells and tissue se bane hai

Question 4

Schwann ?

Answer 4

1839
British zoologist
Animal cells have plasma membrane
Cell wall is unique characteristics of plants cells
Animals and plants are compose of cells and product of cells

Question 5

Cell theory and it’s drawback

Answer 5

Given by schleiden and schwann
Did not explain how new cells were form

Question 6

Rudolfh virchow ?

Answer 6

1855
Omnis cellular e cellular
All living organisms are compose of cells and product of cells
Cell arises from pre existing cell

Question 7

Ribosomes ??

Answer 7

Non membrane
Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic
Found in chloroplast,mitochondria,rough er

Question 8

Cell size

Answer 8

Mycoplasma 0.3µm
Largest isolated single cell is the egg of an ostrich
Rbc 7.0µm
PPLO 0.1µm
Viruses 0.02-0.2µm
Eukaryotic cell 10-20µm

Question 9

Prokaryotic cells ex and their basic shapes

Answer 9

Bacteria, blue green algae,mycoplasma,PPLO( pleuro pneumonia like organism)

Bacillus(rod like)
Coccus(spherical)
Vibrio(comma)
Spirillum(spiral)

Question 10

Prokaryotic me cell wall kiske pass nhi hoti
(exception)

Answer 10

Mycoplasma

Question 11

In bacteria Small circular DNA outside genomic DNA ?? and it’s characteristics

Answer 11

Plasmids
Resistance to antibiotics

Question 12

Characteristics of prokaryotic cell and it’s name and functions

Answer 12

Mesosome
Differentiated from of cell membrane
Infolding of membrane
It can be in the form of vesicles,tub ules, lamellae
Helping cell wall formation DNA replication and distribution of daughter cells
Also help in respiration secretion processes to increase the surface area of the plasma membrane
In cyanobacteria other membranous extension into the cytoplasm called chromatophores which contains pigments

Question 13

Cell envelope and it’s structure functions

Answer 13

Glycocalyx - 2 types
Slime layerloose sheath
Capsulethick and tough

Cell wall - determines shape and
Structural support

Cell membrane - selectively permeable

Question 14

Gram positiity

Question 15

What is flagella

Answer 15

Filamentous extensions from cell wall
Composed of three parts
Filament - longest portion extended from the cell surface to outside

Hook, basal body

Question 16

Difference between pili and fimbriae

Answer 16

Pili Fimbriae
Elongated tubular | small bristle
Structure. | like fibres
Made of protein | they attached to
Called pilin | rocks and tissue

Question 17

What is ribosome ?

Answer 17

Associated with plasma membrane
2 size —- 15 nm to 20 nm
Made of 2 subunit 50S and 30S together gives 70S
Site of protein synthesis

Several ribosome attached to Single mRNA and form chain called polysome

And ribosome translate mRNA into protein

Question 18

What is inclusion body

Answer 18

Reserve material in the cytoplasm

Non membranous lie free in cytoplasm

Eg- phosphate granules and glycogen granules
Gas vacuole found in blue green and purple and green photosynthetic bacteria