Microanatomy Labs Flashcards
Sebaceous Glands
Found in reticular layer of dermis. Usually associated with a hair follicle
Pacinian corpuscle
Onion-like touch and pressure receptor. Found
Rete Pegs
Increase SA between epidermis and dermis
perichondrium
Fibrous layer lining cartilage of developing bone
Where would you find sweat glands?
Clustered between the reticular and hypodermis (subcutaneous) layers
What are the five layers of the Epidermis
Stratum Corneum (sheds) Stratum Lucidum (clear) Stratum Granulosum (flattened cells) Stratum Spinosum (rounded) Stratum Germinativum (oval)
What type of CT is dermis
Dense irregular CT
What makes up the dermis
Papillary- fine collagen fibres, loosely arranged
Reticular- Thicker bundles of fibres
What mainly makes up hypodermis
adipose tissue
Describe a Hypotrophic Scar
Thick collagenous bands of collagen fibres with elongated cells that represent a tendon. These are under tension and surround/compress a central region of disorganised collagen fibres, with cells that resemble fibrocartilage.
What is though to help hypotrophic scars?
Pressure therapy
In a histology slide of bone what dont we see?
Hydroxyapitite as it was removed by the staining proccess
Where will you see a developing primary osteon?
On the periosteal surface with blood vessel being incorporated into the bone
Structure of developing fetal vertebrae
Show endochondral ossification. There is a centre of ossification and developing bone surrounded by hyaline cartilage. The cells of the cartilage undergo hypertrophy and die, and are follwed by vasculature and osteoblast activity, where new bone is laid down over CF and matrix.
What are the zones of epiphyseal plates
1) Zone of resting cartilage
2) Zone of Proliferation
3) Zone of Maturation/ hypertrophy
4) Zone of Reabsorbtion/ossification/calcification
Whats epiphyseal closure?
Evetually rate of replacement exceeds rate of growth. All that is left is epiphyseal line
Purpose of Dura mater
To protect the column, especially posteriorally, so that leaning forwards is okay. offers resistance during injections
Where do you find CSF
Sub-arachnoid space
Where SHOULD you inject then?
into the epidural space, outside of the dura mater.
Narrow transition zone
Between annulus fibrosus and periphery of cartilage plates. Due to a change in mechanical forces and the need to resist both tension and pressure
What makes up a Nucleus Pulposus
Gelatinous centre filled with PG and hyaluronon. Filled with water an has a few fine collagen fibres
What makes up an annulus fibrosus
Collagen fibres runnin at right angles, Dense regular fibrous CT. Outer fibres arranged almost vertically,, and towards the centre become more orthogonal (lamellar like)
What happens to the NP, AF, fibrocartilage and cartilagenous plates with age
NP= more collagen fibres, less defined gelatinous centre AF= dense, compact and in some places fractured. fibrocartilage= less chondrocytes Plates= deposits of red staining calcium and less trabeculae adjacent to the plates.
What does the fibrocartilage look like?
Rows of pink chrondocytes with blue collagen fibres in between.
Synovium?
Pocket continuous with the joint space that produces synovial fluid. Doesn’t cover articular cartilage. This fluid intake/outake is equal, otherwise swelling would occur.
With age synovium thickens
You wont find calcium(red staining) around the chondrocytes. What is this called?
Territorial region, to protect from calcification.
