Microanatomy Labs

Question 1

Sebaceous Glands

Answer 1

Found in reticular layer of dermis. Usually associated with a hair follicle

Question 2

Pacinian corpuscle

Answer 2

Onion-like touch and pressure receptor. Found

Question 3

Rete Pegs

Answer 3

Increase SA between epidermis and dermis

Question 4

perichondrium

Answer 4

Fibrous layer lining cartilage of developing bone

Question 5

Where would you find sweat glands?

Answer 5

Clustered between the reticular and hypodermis (subcutaneous) layers

Question 6

What are the five layers of the Epidermis

Answer 6

Stratum Corneum (sheds)
Stratum Lucidum (clear)
Stratum Granulosum (flattened cells)
Stratum Spinosum (rounded)
Stratum Germinativum (oval)

Question 7

What type of CT is dermis

Answer 7

Dense irregular CT

Question 8

What makes up the dermis

Answer 8

Papillary- fine collagen fibres, loosely arranged

Reticular- Thicker bundles of fibres

Question 9

What mainly makes up hypodermis

Answer 9

adipose tissue

Question 10

Describe a Hypotrophic Scar

Answer 10

Thick collagenous bands of collagen fibres with elongated cells that represent a tendon. These are under tension and surround/compress a central region of disorganised collagen fibres, with cells that resemble fibrocartilage.

Question 11

What is though to help hypotrophic scars?

Answer 11

Pressure therapy

Question 12

In a histology slide of bone what dont we see?

Answer 12

Hydroxyapitite as it was removed by the staining proccess

Question 13

Where will you see a developing primary osteon?

Answer 13

On the periosteal surface with blood vessel being incorporated into the bone

Question 14

Structure of developing fetal vertebrae

Answer 14

Show endochondral ossification. There is a centre of ossification and developing bone surrounded by hyaline cartilage. The cells of the cartilage undergo hypertrophy and die, and are follwed by vasculature and osteoblast activity, where new bone is laid down over CF and matrix.

Question 15

What are the zones of epiphyseal plates

Answer 15

1) Zone of resting cartilage
2) Zone of Proliferation
3) Zone of Maturation/ hypertrophy
4) Zone of Reabsorbtion/ossification/calcification

Question 16

Whats epiphyseal closure?

Answer 16

Evetually rate of replacement exceeds rate of growth. All that is left is epiphyseal line

Question 17

Purpose of Dura mater

Answer 17

To protect the column, especially posteriorally, so that leaning forwards is okay. offers resistance during injections

Question 18

Where do you find CSF

Answer 18

Sub-arachnoid space

Question 19

Where SHOULD you inject then?

Answer 19

into the epidural space, outside of the dura mater.

Question 20

Narrow transition zone

Answer 20

Between annulus fibrosus and periphery of cartilage plates. Due to a change in mechanical forces and the need to resist both tension and pressure

Question 21

What makes up a Nucleus Pulposus

Answer 21

Gelatinous centre filled with PG and hyaluronon. Filled with water an has a few fine collagen fibres

Question 22

What makes up an annulus fibrosus

Answer 22

Collagen fibres runnin at right angles, Dense regular fibrous CT. Outer fibres arranged almost vertically,, and towards the centre become more orthogonal (lamellar like)

Question 23

What happens to the NP, AF, fibrocartilage and cartilagenous plates with age

Answer 23

NP= more collagen fibres, less defined gelatinous centre
AF= dense, compact and in some places fractured.
fibrocartilage= less chondrocytes
Plates= deposits of red staining calcium and less trabeculae adjacent to the plates.

Question 24

What does the fibrocartilage look like?

Answer 24

Rows of pink chrondocytes with blue collagen fibres in between.

Question 25

Synovium?

Answer 25

Pocket continuous with the joint space that produces synovial fluid. Doesn’t cover articular cartilage. This fluid intake/outake is equal, otherwise swelling would occur.
With age synovium thickens

Question 26

You wont find calcium(red staining) around the chondrocytes. What is this called?

Answer 26

Territorial region, to protect from calcification.