Knee Joint and Popliteal Fossa Flashcards
What are the two articulations of the knee?
patellofemoral and tibiofemoral
What are the two articulations of the knee?
patellofemoral and tibiofemoral
Which of the femoral condyls is larger and why?
The lateral condyl is larger. This is to stop the patella from dislocating, as the quads will pull the patella laterally when contracting. This is called a dislocated knee.
What is the difference between the anterior of the condyls and the posterior?
The anterior condyls are fused, whilst the posterior are separated by a space called the intercondylar notch
Varus alignment
Valgus alignment
>
What is vagus/hyperextension force?
When a force acts inwards/medially, and there is damage often to the ACL, medial meniscus and medial collateral ligament. This damage occurs as the medial collateral ligament is continuous with the joint capsule.
What is vagus/hyperextension force?
When a force acts inwards/medially, and there is damage often to the ACL, medial meniscus and medial colateral ligament. This damage occurs as the medial colateral ligament is continuous with the joint capsule.
What is interesting about the patella ligament, and where does it insert?
The patella ligament is actually a continuation of the quadriceps mechanism. As is connects bone to bone it is a ligament, and makes the patella a sesamoid bone. It works with the quadriceps mechanism to extend/stabilize the knee.
It inserts onto the tibial tuberosity.
MCL and LCL. Actions and differences struturally
Acs to stabilize the knee from moving sideways. MCL is a common injury spot during high impact sports.MCL is connecting to the joint capsule, LCL is not.
Which of the femoral condyls is larger and why?
The lateral condyl is larger. This is to stop the patella from dislocating, as the quads will pull the patella laterally when contracting. This is called a dislocated knee.
What is the difference between the anterior of the condyls and the posterior?
The anterior condyls are fused, whilst the posterior are separated by a space called the intercondylar notch
Varus alignment
Valgus alignment
>
What is the purpose of the patella?
It is a sesamoid bone (bone that lives within a tendon), to protect the tendon. It stops the quadriceps tendon from running against bone and snapping. Instead bone rubs against bone, which is much stronger.
What is vagus/hyperextension force?
When a force acts inwards/medially, and there is damage often to the ACL, medial meniscus and medial colateral ligament. This damage occurs as the medial colateral ligament is continuous with the joint capsule.
What is interesting about the patella ligament, and where does it insert?
The patella ligament is actually a continuation of the quadriceps mechanism. As is connects bone to bone it is a ligament, and makes the patella a sesamoid bone. It works with the quadriceps mechanism to extend/stabilize the knee.
It inserts onto the tibial tuberosity.
MCL and LCL. Actions and differences struturally
Acs to stabilize the knee from moving sideways. MCL is a common injury spot during high impact sports.MCL is connecting to the joint capsule, LCL is not.
insertion and attachment of the collateral ligaments
MCL: medial femoral epicondyl to medial tibia
LCL: lateral fermoral epicondyl to lateral fibula
Actions of ACL and PCL
They prevent excessive translation anteriorly and posteriorly .
ACL O/I
anterior tibial spine to lateral condyl of femur
PCL O/I
Posterior tibial spine to medial condyl of femur
What are the four bursa of the knee
Suprapatellar bursa
infrapatellar &subcutaneous bursa
prepatellar bursa
Suprapatellar bursa
- Above the patellar
- continuous with the joint space
- Allows quads tendon to run over distal femur freely
- used for ‘knee asperit’, to remove joint fluid.
