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Musculoskeletal > Anteromedial thigh > Flashcards

Anteromedial thigh Flashcards

1
Q

The fascia Lata

A

Is a thickening of the deep fascia covering the thigh and separating the muscle compartments.

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2
Q

Attachment points of the fascia lata are

A

Superiorly: Pubic tubercle, pubis and inguinal ligament
laterally: Iliac crest
Posteriorly: sacrum, coccyx and ischial tuberosity

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3
Q

What consists of the illiotibial band?

A

The blending of the fascia lata with the tendon of the ‘tensor fascia lata muscle’

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4
Q

Where does the illiotibial band attach to?

A

The lateral aspect of the tibia

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5
Q

What is the one deficiency of the fascia lata, and what passes through this?

A

The Saphenous opening, for which the great saphenous vein passes through to meet the femoral vein.

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6
Q

Which of the intermuscular septa (that form thigh compatrments with the fascia lata) is the strongest and therefore easiest to find?

A

The lateral intermuscular septum

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7
Q

Why is the Tensor Fascia Lata muscle considered a gluteal muscle

A

Because its embryonic origin is in the gluteal region

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8
Q

What are the 8 Anterior compartment muscles of the thigh?

A 
Vastus Lateralis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus Medialis
Rectus Femoris
Sartorius
pectineus* (partially)
Psoas Major
iliacus
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9
Q

What consists of the iliopsoas and what is the common attachment point of this?

A

Iliacus and psoas major. These muscles both insert as the lesser trochanter of the femur

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10
Q

Where do the Iliopsoas muscles originate from?

A

Iliacus= iliac fossa and lateral sacrum

Psoas Major= lumbar vertebrae

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11
Q

Where does the tensor of the fascia lata originate?

A

ASIS and iliac crest

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12
Q

Where does the Sartorius muscle insert and originate from?

A 
Origin= ASIS
Insertion= superior medial tibia (pes anserinus)
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13
Q

what is the function of the iliopsoas muscle?

A

To FLEX and EXTERNALLY ROTATE the thigh

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14
Q

What constitutes the Quadriceps Femoris?

A

Rectus Femoris

Vastus lateralis, medialis and intermedius

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15
Q

what is the common insertion of the quadriceps femoris?

A

Superior Patella

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16
Q

What is the common action of the quadriceps femoris, and what is the exception?

A

Extends leg via knee

Rectus Femoris also flexes the thigh at the hip joint

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17
Q

Where does the vastus lateralis originate?

A

The greater trochanter and linea aspera

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18
Q

Where does the vastus medialis originate?

A

Intertrochanteric line, medial intermuscularsepta

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19
Q

Where does the vastus intermedialis originate?

A

sup 2/3 femoral shaft

lateral intermuscular septa

20
Q

Why is the pectinius muscle considered both an anterior and medial muscle?

A

Because it is innervated by both the femoral and obturator nerve. It flexes the thigh as well as adducting it.

21
Q

What constitutes the femoral triangle

A

The femoral nerve, vein and artery as well as lymphatics

22
Q

The borders of the femoral triangle are made up of

A

Lateral: Sartorius
Medial: Adductor longus
superiorly: Inguinal ligament
Floor: iliopsoas, adductor longus and pectinius
Roof: subcutaneous tissue, skin and fascia lata

23
Q

The femoral SHEATH contains

A

The femoral vein, artery and lymphatics. NOT the femoral nerve

24
Q

The femoral canal is…. and how is this important clinically?

A

A compartment of the femoral sheath that contains lymphatics. What can occur is the abdominal contents can herniate into the femoral canal “femoral Hernia”

25
Q

What is the order of the femoral triangle lateral > medial

A

Nerve, artery, vein, lymphatics

26
Q

How would you perform a femoral nerve block?

A

Find the femoral artery (via pulse). inject just LATERALLY to the artery. This is better then using lots of medication.

27
Q

What are the five medial thigh muscles and what is their nerve innervation

A 
Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Magnus* (both med and post)
Gracilis
Obturator externus
*pectinius

Nerve: obturator (L2-L4)

28
Q

What is another name for Adductor canal and why?

A

Subsartorial Canal as it occurs deep to the middle third of sartorius

29
Q

What are the boundaries of the adductor canal?

A 
Medial: Sartorius
Lateral: Vastus medialus 
Posterior: Adductor Longus and magnus
Inlet: Apex of femoral triangle
outlet: adductor hiatus (adductor magnus muscle
30
Q

What are the actions of the sartorius muscle

A

Flexes, abducts, externally rotates thigh, flexes leg

31
Q

What is the origin of Rectus Femoris straight head?

A

AIIS

32
Q

What is the origin of Rectus Femoris reflected head?

A

superior acetabular rim

33
Q

what is the general order for BOTH the aterial and venous femoral vessels?

A

Aorta-common iliac artery-external iliac artery- femoral artery

Inferior vena cava-common iliac vein-external iliac vein- femoral vein

34
Q

What is the structural boundary that defines the femoral vessels?

A

Inguinal ligament

35
Q

Where do both Gracilis and adductor longus originate from?

A

Body of pubis

36
Q

Where do both adductor longus, brevis and magnus insert to? And where are the extra insertion points for the broad adductor magnus muscle?

A

Linea Aspera.

Extra points are medial supra condylar ridge and adductor tubercle.

37
Q

The adductor magnus originates from two point on the pelvis, what are these and which part belongs to which group?

A

Adductor: Inferior pubic ramis
Hamstrings: Ischial tuberosity

38
Q

What are the common movements of the Adductor muscles and gracilis?

A

Adducts and flexes thigh

39
Q

What makes adductor magnus special in regards to movement?

A

Due to it’s broadness/curvature, it can both flex and extend the thigh using different fibres

40
Q

Where does gracilis insert and what does that mean about it’s movement

A

Insertion: superior medial tibia.

Therefore it can adduct/flex thigh AND internally rotate leg

41
Q

Where is the femoral nerve formed and how?

A

From L2-4 and is formed within psoas major

42
Q

What does the femoral nerve supply and where does it go?

A

Supplies flexors of the hip and extensors of the knee in the ant compartment. The terminal branch descends medially and becomes the saphenous nerve (cutaneous).

43
Q

What are the cutaneous branches of the femoral nerve and what do they supply?

A

Anterior Cutaneous nerve of thigh: anterior thigh

Saphenous Nerve: Medial aspect of leg

44
Q

What is the purpose of the tensor of the fascia lata?

A

Abducts and stabilizes thigh

45
Q

What are the contents of the adductor canal?

A

femoral artery and vein, saphenous nerve and nerve to vastus medialis

46
Q

O/I of Pectineus

A

O: superior pubic ramus
I: inferior to lesser trochanter

Musculoskeletal (22 decks)

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