Gluteal Region and Posterior Thigh Flashcards
Insertion and origin of the Gluteus maximus?
Origin: ilium, sacrum, coccyx
insertion: ITB, gluteal tuberosity of femur
Insertion and origin of gluteus minimus and maximus?
Origin: Ilium
Insertion: Great trochanter
Action of Gluteus minimus/maximus?
Abducts and internally rotates thigh
Action of gluteus maximus?
The extend and laterally rotate the thigh
Clinical significance of piriformis
Marks the top of the sciatic nerve. superior to the two gemellus muscles and obturator internus.
What brings gemellus superior, obturator internus and gemellus inferior together?
A common tendon that inserts onto the greater trochanter of the femur.
What is the common action of piriformis, obturator internus and the gemellus muscles.
External rotation of the thigh
Superficial Gluteal muscles and their nerve supply
Gluteus maximus (inferior gluteal nerve) Gluteus maximus and minimus (superior gluteal neve)
Deep Gluteal muscles and their action
Piriformis
gemellus sup & inf
obturator internus
Short external rotaters
The posterior thigh muscles are?
Biceps femoris
semimembranosis
semitendonosis
adductor magnus (hamstring part)
A common origin of hamstring muscles is?
Ischial tuberosity
Where does the short head of the biceps femoris originate from?
Linea aspera
What is the insertion of biceps femoris?
Head of fibula
What is the insertion of seitendonosis?
pes anserinus
what is the insertion of semimembranosis?
medial condyl of tibia
What is the arterial supply of the gluteal region
Aorta - commoniliac - internal iliac - superior & inferior gluteal arteries.
What is the journey of the superior and inferior gluteal arteries?
From the internal iliac artery they travel laterally, leave the pelvis via the greater sciatic foramen, and travel superior and inferior to piriformus
What is artery of the sciatic nerve?
‘the artery to the sciatic nerve’’, which branches off the inferior gluteal artery.
Where is it safe to perform intra-gluteal injections?
The lateral side, avoiding the sciatic nerve
What is an avulsion fracture?
a bit of bone ripped off with tendon, still attached to tendon.
What is piriformis syndrome?
When the sciatic nerve is compressed by the piriformis muscles. Pain tingling and numbness along buttocks and posterior thigh will be felt.
What is the origin and insertion of the sacrospinous ligament?
Origin: Sacrum
Insertion: ischial Spine
What is the origin and insertion of the sacrotuberous ligament?
Origin: sacrum
Insertion: ischial tuberosity
What passes through the Greater Sciatic Foramen?
Nerves and arteries pass outwards to the lower limb
What passes through the lesser sciatic foramen?
Nerves and arteries pass back inward to the axial region
What forms the acetabulum?
Fusion of the three bones, ilium, ischium and pubis
What is different about the acetabulum in childhood/uterine?
The three bones haven’t yet ossified, the are still cartilagenous. This cartilage is called Triradient cartilage
