Micro U2 L11 I think.

Question 1

Zoonotic diseases

Answer 1

contagious diseases passed from animal to human - human pop is not part of life cycle - accidental, dead end host

Question 2

Reservoir

Answer 2

non-human animal species that maintains infection (may/may not show disease symptoms)

Question 3

Vector

Answer 3

transmits pathogen from reservoir to other animal (arthropods taking blood meal fucking vampires) - vector not always required

Question 4

Bacillus anthracis: vector or no vector?

Answer 4

no vector

Question 5

Francisella tularensis: vector or no vector?

Answer 5

ticks, mosquitos, deer flies (wtf is a deer fly)

Question 6

Brucella species: vector or no vector?

Answer 6

no vector

Question 7

Yersinia pestis: vector or no vector?

Answer 7

fleas

Question 8

Bartonella henselae: vector or no vector?

Answer 8

fleas and maybe ticks

Question 9

Bacillus anthracis: what is it? ;)

Answer 9

causes anthrax! by forming spores and creates dark sores - usually from livestock esque exposure

Question 10

What are the different forms of bacillus anthracis?

Answer 10

1. cutaneous: small sore that develops into blister - develops into ulcer with black area - significant edema - DOES NOT HURT 2. gastrointestinal: nausea, loss of appetite, bloody diarrhea (gross), fever, bad stomach pain 3. inhalation: cold or flu symptoms and can include sore through, mild fever, muscle aches - later symptoms = SOB, cough, tiredness, muscle aches

Question 11

Francisella tularemia

Answer 11

cool painting - aerobic gram negative and more virulent in US/Canada - you will get it from Z

Question 12

MC form of francisella tularemia

Answer 12

ulceroglandular - tick/deer fly bite or handling weird animals like Z - skin ulcer at site where organism entered - swelling of regional lymph glands

Question 13

Other forms of francisella tularemia

Answer 13

1. glandular (similar to ulceroglandular but no ulcer) 2. oculoglandular - bacteria enters through eye 3. oropharyngeal - results from eating or drinking contaminated food/water 4. pneumonic - cough, chest pain, difficulty breathing

Question 14

Most serious form Francisella tularemia

Answer 14

pneumonic

Question 15

How do humans acquire tularemia in a weird way?

Answer 15

farming/landscaping activités - please don’t hit Z with a lawn mower - can result in pneumonic tularemia

Question 16

Brucella - cattle signs

Answer 16

third trimester abortions, retained placenta, endometritis, birth of dead or weak calves :( , low milk yiels

Question 17

Brucella transmission to humans

Answer 17

contact of conjunctiva or broken skin with infected tissues; ingestion; inhalation of infectious aerosols (in pens, stables, slaughter houses - don’t go to Annabelle’s)

Question 18

Human disease with brucella

Answer 18

can affect any organ or organ system - cyclical fever in acute disease - variability in acute clinical signs (headache, weakness, arthralgia, depression, weight loss, fatigue, liver shit)

Question 19

Brucellosis complications (from most to least common)

Answer 19

complications in bones and joints - osteoarticular complications; hepatomegaly/splenomegaly; GI complications; genitourinary involvement; neuro; cardio

Question 20

Brucella bacteriology

Answer 20

gram negative

Question 21

Brucella treatment

Answer 21

doxycycline (this dude loves doxycycline) 6+ weeks

Question 22

THE PLAGUE - where does it come from?

Answer 22

wild and domestic rodents/fleas - caused specifically by gram - yersinia pests

Question 23

Clinical presentation of the Plague

Answer 23

incubation 1-6 days; history of exposure to the little shits; then bubonic (rapid onset fever - painful lymph nodes), pneumonic (high fever, pneumonia, bloody sputum, chills), or septicemic (fever, prostration, hemorrhagic or thrombotic phenomena, acral gangrene gross)

Question 24

First line therapy plague

Answer 24

parenteral antibiotic with streptomycin

Question 25

Leptospira bacteriology

Answer 25

caused by L. interrogans - tiny, corkscrew motion, needs dark field microscope, can live outside host for weeks - shed in urine - passed to humans by contact with contaminated water and through ATVing

Question 26

Clinical presentation of leptospirosis

Answer 26

acute febrile illness (5-7 days) followed by either more mild, self-limiting symptoms or severe multiorgan involvement (delayed/immune phase)

Question 27

Blood work for leptospira

Answer 27

anemia from DIC, elevated urea nitrogen and serum creatinine from renal infection, elevated bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase from liver, elevated serum creatine kinase levels from muscle infection

Question 28

Leptospira treatment

Answer 28

penicillin G, maintain hydration, supportive care - Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction

Question 29

Bartonella henselae

Answer 29

CAT SCRATCH FEVER meow meow - from kittens to children usually, also from fleas -

Question 30

Bartonella henselae symptoms

Answer 30

fever, enlarged, tender lymph nodes - 1-2 weeks after exposure (papule/pustule where the asshole bit you) - can sometimes get granulomatous conjunctivits, neuroretinitis, atypical pneumonia, endocarditis

Question 31

Bacillary angiomatosis

Answer 31

occur in immunocompromised - skin, subcutaneous, bone lesions

Question 32

Bartonella henselae treatment

Answer 32

self limited - if extensive then azithromycin

Question 33

Pathogens associated with dog bites

Answer 33

Capnocytophaga canimorsus (also pasteurella multocida)

Question 34

Pathogens associated with cat bites

Answer 34

pasteurella multocida (also bartonella henselae and capnocytophaga canimorsus)

Question 35

Pasteurella multocida

Answer 35

cat bite infection - clinical evidence of wound infection within a few hours - cellulitis or abscesses - occasional cause of pneumonia/endocarditis

Question 36

Pasteurella treatment

Answer 36

amoxicillin, doxycyclin, penicillin (cephalosporin, cloxacillin, erythromycin, clindamycin not effective idk why)

Question 37

Capnocytophaga canimorus

Answer 37

anaerobic gram-negative rod - normal oral flora of dogs. causes cellulitis, bactermia, meningitis, endocarditis - sepsis in splenic patients, alcoholics, immunosuppressed

Question 38

Treatment capnocytophaga canimorus

Answer 38

amoxicillin for mild, penicillin g for severe