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Board Prep > Micro - Shit Not In Sketchy > Flashcards

Micro - Shit Not In Sketchy Flashcards

1
Q

What causes lymphatic filariasis?

Vector?

Tx?

A

Wuchereria bancrofti

Female mosquito

Diethylcarbamazine

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2
Q

The IM vaccine for Salmonella typhi contains what?

Oral?

A

Vi capsular polysaccharide

Live attenuated

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3
Q

What causes trophozoites w/engulfed RBCs in the cytoplasm?

A

Entamoeba histolytica

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5
Q

MOA of M protein?

A

Prevents phagocytosis

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6
Q

Schuffner stippling throught rbc cytoplasm seen in what infection?

A

P vivax/ovale

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6
Q

Which nematodes bite?

A

lay LOW
Loa loa
Onchocerca volvulus
Wucheria bancrofti

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7
Q

Eaton agar on what?

A

M pneumoniae

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8
Q

What infection causes hypopigmented and hyperpigmented and/or pink patches, more common in summer?

A

Malassezia species (Pityrosporum)

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9
Q

What needs cholesterol for gram stain?

A

Mycobacterium

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10
Q

3 main effects of endotoxin?

A

Macrophage activation (TLR4)
Complement activation
tissue factor activation

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11
Q

Pseudomonas produces what 4 virulence factors?

A 
Pyocyanin (makes ROS)
Endotoxin
Exotoxin A (inactivates EF-2)
Phospholipase C (degrades cell membranes)
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12
Q

What organism causes vomiting, diarrhea, epigastric pain and is found in the soil?

What is seen under microscope?

Tx?

A

Strongyloides

Rhabditiform larvae

Ivermectin

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13
Q

What is Bordet-Gengou agar used for?

What media?

A

B. Pertussis

Potato extract

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15
Q

What makes up thayer-martin agar?

A

Vancomycin
TMP
Colistin
Nystatin

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16
Q

Which bacteria is (+) for Hippurate test?

A

Grp B strep

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17
Q

Which nematodes are cutaneous?

A

SANd
Strongyloides
Ascaris
Necator

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19
Q

What g(+) bacteria are gamma hemolytic?

A

Enterococci

Strep bovis

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20
Q

What organism is dx by knobby-coated oval eggs seen in feces?

Can cause what sx?

A

Ascaris lumbricoides

SBO, biliary obstruction

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21
Q

What creates a serpentine cord appearance in virulent M. TB?

Activates what? Induces what?

A

Cord factor

Macrophages that induces release of TNF-a

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22
Q

What g(+) bacteria can grow in 6.5% NaCl and bile?

(+) for what else?

A

Enterococci

PYR (bacitracin sensitive)

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23
Q

What organisms can be stained with silver?

A

Coccidioides
PCP
Legionella
H. Pylori

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23
Q

What causes loose stools and rectal prolapse in children?

A

Trichuris Trichiura

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24
Q

How do you treat pedicures humanus (lice)?

A

Pyrethroids

Ivermectin lotion

25
Q

Regan-Lowe medium used to visualize what?

Media contains what?

A

Bordatella pertussis

Charcoal, blood, Antibiotic

25
Q

What bacteria have IgA protease?

How does it work?

A

S pneum, H influ Type B, Neisseria

Cleaves IgA, allows bacteria to adhere to and colonize mucous membranes

25
Q

What indicates a recent S pyogenes infection?

A

ASO titer or anti-DNase B antibodies

26
Q

What M Tb component inhibits phagolysosomal function?

A

Suflatides (surface glycolipids)

27
Q

What are the conjugated vaccines?

How do they increase immunogenicity?

A

Pneumococcal PCV13 w/conjugate
Pneumococcal PPSV23 w/no conjugate
H influ
Meningococcal

29
Q

What organisms take up Giemsa stain?

A 
Chlamydia
Borrelia
Rickettsia
Trypanosomes
Plasmodium
30
Q

TSST-1 of S aureus binds to what to cause symptoms?

A

MHC II and TCR

30
Q

What aerobic diplococci utilizes maltose?

What does not?

A

N meningitidis

N gonorrhea, Moraxella

31
Q

What is a type III secretion system?

Found in what bacteria?

A

Aka injectisome, needle-like protein appendage facilitating direct delivery of toxins from certain g (-) bacteria to eukaryotic host cell

Grade (-) like Pseudomonas, E coli, Shigella

32
Q

What are the fast lactose fermenters?

A

KEE
Klebsiella
E coli
Enterobacter

35
Q

What can be used to treat C diff, but is not metronidazole or Oral Vancomycin?

MOA?

A

Fidaxomicin

Inhibits sigma subunit of RNA Pol

36
Q

What causes hydatid cysts and eggshell calcification?

Ingestion how?

What is the intermediate host?

A

Echinococcus granulosus

Eggs in food contaminated w/dog feces

Sheep

37
Q

What virulence factor binds Fc region of IgG and prevents phagocytosis and opsonization?

Expressed by what?

A

Protein A

S aureus

40
Q

How to visualize Tinea (dermatophytes)?

What will you see?

A

KOH prep w/blue fungal stain

Branching septate hyphae visible

42
Q

What is (+) for H2S production on TSI agar?

(-)?

A

Salmonella, proteus

Shigella, Yersenia

43
Q

Fever, vomiting, nausea, periorbital edema, and myalgia is characteristic of what infection?

Obtained how?

A

Trichinosis –> Trichinella spiralis

Undercooked meat –> esp pork

45
Q

Sarcoptes scabiei are found in what layer?

Commonly occur where?

Tx?

A

Stratum corneum

Jails, nursing homes

Permethrin cream

46
Q

What is the transmission of loa loa?

Tx?

A

Deer fly, horse fly, mango fly

Diethylcarbamazine

47
Q

What causes cigar-shaped budding yeast that causes skin pustules or ulcers?

Tx?

A

Sporothrix schenckii

Itraconazole, KI

49
Q

Which bacteria can undergo specialized Lysogenic phage transduction?

A 
CO BEDS
Cholera
O Ag of Salmonella
Botulinum
Erythrogenic toxin of S pyogenes
Diptheria
Shiga toxin
50
Q

What organisms cause anemia by sucking blood from the intestinal wall and the larvae penetrate the skin?

A

Ancylostoma duodenal

Necator americanus

51
Q

What kind of hemolysis results in greenish or brownish color w/out clearing around growth on blood agar?

A

Alpha-hemolytic

S pneumo, S viridans

53
Q

What infections specifically causes onychomycosis?

A

Tinea unguium

54
Q

Infection of what is diagnosed by trypomastigote in blood smear?

Tx:

A

Trypanosoma brucei

Suramin for blood borne disease
Melarsoprol for CNS penetration

55
Q

What are the anaerobic bacteria?

A 
Can't Breathe Fresh Air
Clostridium
Bacteriodes
Fusobacterium
Actinomycetes
56
Q

What grows on EMB agar?

A

E coli

57
Q

How to treat onchocerca volvulus (river blindness)?

A

Ivermectin

58
Q

How to treat tinea versicolor (pityriasis)?

A

Selenium sulfide

60
Q

Macrophages containing amastigotes is dx of what?

Vector?

A

Leishmania donovani

Sandfly

65
Q

What is diagnosed by a biopsy w/tachyzoite?

A

Toxoplasmosis gondii

P. 152

67
Q

Which nematodes can be ingested?

A 
EATT
Enterovirus
Ascaris
Toxocara
Trichinella
69
Q

What infection is dx on blood smear w/trophozoite ring form within a rbc?

A

Plasmodium species

72
Q

How to acquire tinea capitis?

A

Infected cat or dog

Board Prep (19 decks)

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