micro (overview of HT industry) Flashcards
tourism as the activities of persons traveling to and staying in places outside their usual environment for business, leisure, and other purposes.
The United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) defines tourism
It refers to travel for commercial, governmental, or educational purposes with leisure as a secondary motivation.
Business Travel
It refers to any provider of mass transportation, usually used by an airline.
Carrier
It refers to a negotiated hotel rate for a convention, trade show, meeting, tour, or incentive group.
Group Rate
It refers to any product or service bought by or sold to consumers of trade, including accommodations, attractions, events, restaurants, and transportation.
Travel Product
It is an airport or city that serves as a central connecting point for aircraft, trains, or buses from outlying feeder airports or cities.
Hub
It refers to the price without the travel agent’s commission.
Net Rate
It refers to travel offered as a reward for the top-performing workers with a huge contribution to the development, marketing, and operation of a company.
Incentive Travel
The travel industry business cycles include peak season, the primary season for travel, and off-peak season when slow business occurs. There is also a shoulder season term, referring to the travel period between the peak and off-peak seasons.
Travel Seasons
different types of tourism can be recognized depending on the length of stay, mode of transport used, distance traveled, the purpose of the trip, and the price paid by tourists.
Carlos Libosada and Carmela Bosangit (2007)
This refers to visitors’ activities within their country of residence and outside of their home.
Domestic Tourism
It refers to the activities of a resident visitor outside of their country of residence.
Outbound Tourism
It refers to the activities of a resident who crosses the boundaries of many countries, uses different currencies, faces different languages, and meets different types of people.
International Tourism
It refers to the activities of a visitor from outside of the country of residence
Inbound Tourism
This kind of tourism at coastal resorts often results from an inevitable attraction to the beach.
Beach Tourism
Also known as LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender) tourism, this caters to LGBT tourists looking to travel to safe and friendly destinations and are mainly concerned with cultural and safety issues.
Gay Tourism
This offers the ability to take a virtual tour of an attraction from home. The combination of videos and still images with multimedia, such as narration, music, and sound effects, offers an immersive experience for the user. This new technology gives travelers the ability to see what they are getting into before taking a trip.
Virtual Tourism
This is another niche segment of the aviation industry seeking to give tourists the ability to become astronauts and experience space travel for recreational, leisure, or business purposes.
Space Tourism
The act of _____ is somewhat
controversial, with some viewing it as an act of respect and others as an unethical practice. Lesser-known dark tourism attractions might include cemeteries, zombie-themed events, or historical
museums. Disaster tourism, which is the act
of visiting locations that have been
subjected to man-made or natural
environmental disasters, is considered a
sub-sector of dark tourism.
Dark Tourism
Destinations have an immense opportunity
to leverage this new market trend by developing authentic and unique shopping experiences that add value to their touristic offer while reinforcing and even defining their tourism brand and positioning.
Shopping Tourism
According to experts, it was around 40 BC when hospitality services for social and religious gatherings were quite common. About this time, Greeks came up with thermal baths designed for recuperation and relaxation. These thermal baths are said to be the origin of what is known as the modern-day spa. Then came the Romans, who provided accommodation for travelers on government premises.
Early/Ancient Hospitality
This era started with English travel and excursions when they built inns as their private residences. They had to garner a permit to import and sell wine which later led to the spread of hospitality elsewhere. These provided resting destinations for caravans (group of travelers on a journey) in Middle Eastern routes along with the monasteries and abbeys. These places became the first establishments to offer refuge to travelers. The Persians along the caravan route developed inns and post houses (a house or inn for exchanging post-horses and accommodating postriders). These were used to provide accommodations and nourishment to both soldiers and couriers.
Medieval Period
In the 16th century, the demand for inns and taverns increased multiple folds. In the early 1800s, “inns” were the only lodging facilities available for tourists. A lot of inns were established before the 19th century. But since lodging was not just about bedding and resting facility anymore, they started providing food and drinks to the travelers. And soon, the element of luxury started to blend in, giving birth to hotels.
Renaissance and French Revolution
is a hot spring hotel certified by Guinness World Records as the oldest hotel in the world. It was founded in 705 and has been owned by the same family for 52 generations.
Nishiyama Onsen Keiunkan, Yamanashi, Japan
The hospitality industry as an organized industry was formed in the 1950s or 1960s when a proper structure was built. Travelers always sought hospitable places to kick back and relax, away from all the hustle and bustle of everyday routine. The industrial revolution, which began in the 1970s, facilitated the construction of hotels and casinos in Europe, England, and America.
19th Century
Despite all the industry’s changes, the customer has always been the center. Today’s hoteliers analyze new trends to define better criteria and provide modern standards to improve the quality of life in hotels. It is consistently evolving to become more advanced. In this new century, the hotels reached new heights. Some of the tallest hotels were built in the 21st century, made possible by technological advancements.
Modern Tourism and Hospitality Industry
Short-term economic stresses may cause problems, but long-term prospects for airline careers are bright.
Airlines
The main responsibility of a flight attendant is to make sure passengers are safe and comfortable. Next, it must provide great customer service.
Flight Attendant
They provide travel information to airline customers. Ticket agents work at an airline’s ticket or baggage counter. They also handle airline ticket sales and reservation changes and provide information on aircraft boarding.
Ticket Agents, Reservations Agents, or Reservations Clerks
This is a back-office position but one of the essential jobs in the airline industry. It is a service that involves planning the quality of meals to attract potential passengers.
Airline Food Service
are responsible for ensuring the safety of an aircraft’s flight and permitting specific airlines to take off.
Flight Dispatcher
They coordinate baggage transfer for connecting flights while taking on new luggage at stopover airports. These agents are also responsible for announcing arrivals and departures.
Operations Agents
An airline receptionist admits guests to airline lounges to serve snacks and beverages, verifies membership cards, attends to customers’ concerns and inquiries, relays a request for paging and telephone services, and accompanies passengers to departure gates and other terminal facilities.
Airline Lounge Receptionist
Compiles duty roster of flight crews and maintains crew members’ flying time records.
Crew Scheduler
Assists passengers and checks flight tickets at entrance gates or stations when boarding to ensure that passengers have corrected flights or seats.
Gate Agent
Renders various personal services such as taking care of company officials, distinguished persons, foreign-speaking passengers, giving aid to sick or injured passengers, and obtaining medical assistance.
Passenger Service Representative
It is comprised of people and companies that resell travel products and services they have bought and/or reserved from other parties
Travel Trade
jobs in the travel trade sector (5 Ts)
Tour Guide
Tour Operator
Travel Agent
Tourist Information Assistant
Travel Information Center Supervisor
A wholesale agent of the travel industry and markets tour packages.
Tour Operator
A tour guide escorts visitors around tourist destinations and attractions.
Tour Guide
Plans and organizes travel and tour services for customers.
Travel Agent
Provides information and other services that tourists might need for their entire travel, such as itineraries, traffic regulations, and alike.
Tourist Information Assistant
Supervises and coordinates activities of workers engaged in welcoming motorists and provides information such as directions, road conditions, and vehicular travel regulations.
Travel Information Center Supervisor
It is composed of personnel in-charge in providing lodging services to guests.
Accommodation Sector
Ensures efficient and profitable operations, establishes standards in providing customer service, and delegates authority and tasks to personnel.
Hotel General Manager
A customer service professional who is the first point of contact for clients or guests who need assistance.
Front Desk Receptionist/Agent
S/He is responsible for regularly cleaning guestrooms and common areas, working quickly and thoroughly with a trustworthy character, detail-oriented, with good stamina. S/He organizes all areas of guestrooms according to established standards, reports inconsistencies or damage to the housekeeping supervisor, and initiates maintenance requests when necessary.
Housekeeping Attendant/Room Attendant
Provides a top-tier customer service experience for hotel guests, welcomes them, and provides details on current events, festivities, attractions, and other requested information.
Concierge
Assists guests with check-in and checkout processes and escorts them to their room while assisting them with their luggage.
Bell Attendant/Person
Drives vehicles for customers in a parking lot or garage and retrieves them upon request.
Valet Runner/Valet Parking Attendant
Keeps things run efficiently behind the scenes, have minimal guest contact, and are mostly found in the employee area such as administrative personnel, engineers, and maintenance staff.
Back of the House
Food and beverage service establishments must have enough staff members to cater to customers’ needs with a lasting impression of quality.
Food and Beverage Service Sector
Plays a key role in every restaurant; oversees the overall operation of the establishment, including the general activities of all personnel.
Restaurant Manager
Accurately records customers’ orders and handles and processes payments.
Cashier
Takes and serves orders in a friendly manner to make a good customer experience.
Server
Prepares and serves a variety of beverages.
Bartender
Specifically prepares several coffee blends or tea.
Barista
Creates menus, manages kitchen staff, and ensures that food leaving the kitchen is up to standards.
Executive Chef
Makes sweet treats for diners to enjoy at breakfast or dessert.
Pastry Chef
Prepare food items by cutting, chopping, mixing, and cooking food that can be found in one or multiple kitchen areas. They set up and stock food items and other necessary supplies.
Line Cooks
Responsible for clearing and cleaning tables in preparation for the next customer.
Buss Person
An essential member of any restaurant staff who makes sure dishware is spotless and keeps the kitchen clean and clear of garbage and hazardous clutter.
Food and Beverage Steward
main positions aboard cruise ships (ASPDO)
Activity/Entertainment Department
Service/Hospitality Department
Personal Care Department
Deck Department
Office Staff
This cruise department deals with anything relating to passenger entertainment. It may include hosts and hostesses, cruise directors and staff, disc jockeys, performers, swimming instructors, and shore excursion staff.
Activity/Entertainment Department
This cruise department includes members working in restaurants, bars, and passenger cabins, as well as shipboard retail concessions like gift shops
Service/Hospitality Department
It includes staff members who work in fitness centers, beauty shops, spas, and medical services that are important to the passengers who signed up for the cruise to pamper themselves. Some positions in this department include fitness coach, dermatologist, masseuse (massage therapist), nurses, and wellness staff.
Personal Care Department
This cruise department is responsible for maintaining and running the vessel. It includes maintenance workers, engineers, and officers who are in charge of passenger safety.
Deck Department
This includes employees working in the cruise company’s main office arranging cruises or performing general office work. It includes administrative assistants, booking agents, sales/marketing staff, and clerical workers.
Office Staff
Casinos focus on gambling and gaming services. They also contain restaurants, bars, retail shops, hotels, banks, and spas, making a wide range of positions available
Casinos/Entertainment Sector
Operates the games, collects and pays off chips or money, and plays the house hand
Dealer
behind-the-scenes jobs for the gambling sections (DSPCTC)
Dealer
Surveillance
Pit Bosses
Cage Cashier
Technicians
Casino Manager
This includes individuals who ensure no one is cheating or stealing and that all activity is lawful and follows regulations.
Surveillance
Supervise the gaming staff and tables in their designated areas.
Pit Bosses
Manages and controls the check bank, cage windows, chip bank, and main casino bank.
Cage Cashier
Repair and maintain the different gambling machines, such as slot machines.
Technicians
Responsible for creating a system wherein customers win enough to return investments while ensuring that the casino makes enough profits.
Casino Manager
