Micro Flashcards
1
Q
Infective Endocarditis
A
- inflammation of lining (valves)
- bacterial infection
- predisposing condition makes more susceptible
- Symptoms: fever, anemia, arrythmia, petechiae, septic emboli, splinter hemorrhages, Roth spots, ab pain
2
Q
Acute Endocarditis
A
- hectically febrile, rapid cardiac damage, distal seeding thru sepsis, rapidly fatal if untreated
- staph aureus
3
Q
Subacute Endocarditis
A
- indolent course of infxn, slow cardiac damage, no distal seeding, slow progression
- strep viridans, enterococcus
4
Q
Duke Criteria
A
MAJOR - + bacterial cultures (2 separated by time) - evidence of endocardial involvement MINOR - Predisposing condition - Fever (38C)(100.3F) - Vascular phenomena (emboli) - Immunological phenomena (oslers, roths) - Micro evidence not MAJOR
5
Q
Staph aureus
A
-Most common cause of IE
- normal flora of skin
- Gram + –> cocci –> catalase + –> coagulase +
VF = biofilm, capsule, adhesins, enzymes, lysins, pathogenicity island
6
Q
Strep viridans
A
- 2nd major cause of IE
- normal flora of oral cavity
- Gram + –> cocci –> catalase - –> alpha-hemolytic –> bacitracin resistant
VF = dextran to glycocalyx –> colonization
7
Q
Enterococcus
A
- 3rd major cause of IE
- normal flora of GI tract
- pili, surface proteins, proteases
- resistant to penicillins and carbepenems
8
Q
Strep pyogenes
A
- Can lead to rheumatic heart disease following rheumatic fever
- Gram + –> cocci –> catalase - –> beta-hemolytic –> bacitracin sensitive
- M protein can cross react to cause immune system to react against myocardium
VF = streptokinase, DNase, streptolysin O, C
9
Q
Myocarditis
A
- viral infection (Cox B, Adenovirus class C) –> have heart receptors (CAR)
- inflammation of the myocardium
- Sx = chest pain, heart failure, arrythmias
10
Q
Pericarditis
A
- viral infection (Cox A,B, echovirus, influenza)
- bacterial (staph, strep pneumo, H flu, neisseria)
- inflammation of pericardium
- Sx = chest pain –> pericardial layers rubbing against each other
- fecal-oral transmission –> summer months
11
Q
RMSF
A
- Rickesttia rickestii
TRIAD = fever, rash, tick bite (exposure) - OmpA and OmpB (attachment proteins)
- Type 4 Secretion System (entry in host cell)
Sx = fever, headache, muscle pain, vomitting
Doxycycline is treatment
12
Q
MSCRAMMs
A
category of attachment proteins for staph and strep species
13
Q
Purpose of coagulase
A
Resist phagocytosis
14
Q
purpose of hyaluronidase
A
breakdown connective tissue
15
Q
purpose of lipase
A
break down fat tissue
