Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

DERM > MICRO > Flashcards

MICRO Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

what are the 4 reasons that smallpox was able to be eradicated?

A
  1. humans are the only reservoir
  2. no healthy carriers
  3. no sub-clinical infections
  4. effective vaccine available
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what causes molluscum contagiosum?

A

pox virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is molluscum contagiosum?

A 
Childhood form
--lesions on the face, trunk and limbs
--spread from skin to skin
--mostly tropical
Young adult form (mostly lower abd. lesions, sexually transmitted)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how do you diagnose molluscum contagiosum?

A

by appearance, confirmed by presence of cytoplasmic inclusions in eosinophils of the affected area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

when does a person with smallpox stop being contagious?

A

when the last scab has fallen off

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

when does a pt with parvoB19 stop being contagious?

A

once the rash appears

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

where does smallpox virus replicate?

A

in the cytoplasm of infected cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

E. chaffeensis (HME) replicates in which kind of cells?

A

monocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

A. phagocytophilia (HGA) replicates in which kind of cells?

A

granulocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

which bug causes cat scratch disease?

A

bortonella henselae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

which bug causes lyme disase?

A

borrelia burgdorferi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the classic skin finding with lyme disease?

A

bullseye lesion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the classic skin finding in cat scratch disease?

A

swollen gland near site of scratch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

which bug causes epidemic typhus?

A

R. prowazekii

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

which bug causes rocky mountain spotted fever?

A

R. rickettsia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

describe the rash in Rocky mountain spotted fever

A

spreads from ankles and wrists to soles, palms, trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

most measles mortality is due to what?

A

secondary bacterial infections and pneumonia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what disease was the leading cause of aseptic meningitis prior to development of vaccine?

A

mumps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

orchitis in post-pubertal men is the major complication of what diseaes?

A

mumps

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

which virus causes a mild disease but is a serious threat to the fetus?

A

rubella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

why was the MMR vaccine so successful?

A

all 3 viruses are monotypic (only 1 serotype)

humans are the only known reservoir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

which highly contagious pathogen causes significant immune suppression and has associated neurological complications?

A

measles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

This pathogen has the H protein rather than the HN and also forms inclusion bodies:

A

measles virus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are the contraindications to the MMR and the varicella vaccine?

A

severe allergic rxn
pregnancy
immunodeficiencey

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is the downside to taking the MMRV instead of MMR and varicella vaccines separately?

A

taking the MMRV has an increased risk of fever and febrile seizures

26
Q

which virus causes the roseola rash?

A

HHV6 & HHV7

27
Q

what types of pts get the roseola rash?

A

children 3months - 6 yrs

28
Q

what kind of genome does the herpes viruses have?

A

linar, ds DNA genome, icosahedral capsid, enveloped

29
Q

is VZV neurotropic or lymphotropic?

A

neurotropic

30
Q

is HHV6 & HHV7 neurotropic or lymphotropic?

A

lymphotropic

31
Q

where do you usually see leprosy affecting the pt (antomically)?

A

face, butt, limbs

32
Q

you might get lepromatous leprosy if you lack what type of immune response?

A

Th1 mediators

33
Q

how do you diagnose leprosy?

A

clinical w/ confirmation from skin biopsies and detection of AFB (can’t be grown in culture)

34
Q

other than humans, who gets leprosy?

A

armadillos

35
Q

how do you treat tuberculoid leprosy?

A

dapsone & rifampin for 6 months

36
Q

how do you treat lepromatous leprosy?

A

dapsone & rifampin + clofazime (for 2 yrs)

37
Q

what type of genome does the parvovirus B19 have?

A

ss DNA icosahedral no envelope

38
Q

what causes erythema infectiosum?

A

ParvoB19

39
Q

which pathogen causes the slapped cheek rash and lacy rash (on trunk and limbs)?

A

ParvoB19

40
Q

what kind of genome does smallpox have?

A

large dsDNA that is enveloped

41
Q

what would be the cause of death in a pt who had smallpox?

A

due to toxic effects on vascular endothelium

42
Q

when is a patient with smallpox the most contagious?

A

when the small red spots in the mouth and tongue rupture

43
Q

how do you distinguish between smallpox and chickenpox?

A

smallpox has febrile prodrome (chickenpox doesnt)
smallpox are firm and well defined, (chickenpox are superficial)
smallpox lesions will all be at the same stage (chickenpox won’t)

44
Q

where is relapsing fever endemic?

A

high, dry areas of western US

45
Q

what accounts for the relapsing fever in borrelia?

A

antigenic variation

46
Q

how might a pt acquired leptospirosis?

A

contact w/ water contaminated with animal urine, usually through a break in the skin

47
Q

why are the symptoms assoicated w/ leptospirosis?

A

DOESN’T CAUSE SKIN LESIONS
Flu-like symptoms
Jaundice & renal damage (Weil’s disease)
Meningitis

48
Q

how do you diagnose leptospirosis?

A

serology

49
Q

how do you treat leptospirosis?

A

penicillin

50
Q

how do you diagnose E. chafeensis?

A

blood smear

confirm w/ serology

51
Q

how do you diagnose A. phagocytophilia?

A

blood smear (look for morulae in granulocytes)

52
Q

how do you treat the Rickettsial diseases?

A

DOXY

53
Q

how do you diagnose relapsing fever?

A

blood smear w/ serology to confirm

54
Q

Measles virus uses which 2 notable receptors?

A

CD46 & SLAM

55
Q

what is the measles clinical case definition?

A

gen. rash lasting>3 days
Temp. > 38.3
Cough, rhinorhea, and/or conjunctivitis (light sensitivity)

56
Q

where does the MV replicate?

A

most lymphatic tissues and organs throughout the body (epithelial, endothelial, mphages, monocytes)

57
Q

describe the classic measles rash?

A

starts on the back of the neck or forehead and spreads to extremities

58
Q

The neurological measles virus complications are the result of an autoimmune response to what protein?

A

myelin basic protein

59
Q

what is acute disseminated encephalomyelitis or postinfectious encephalomyelitis?

A

neurological Measles complication resulting in convulsions, deafness, mental retardations

60
Q

describe the classic rubella rash?

A

morbilliform and starts on the face and spreads to the rest of the body

61
Q

how is measles different than the other paramyxoviridae?

A

Has H protein instead of HN

forms intracellular inclusion bodies

DERM (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions