Mi 1.2 Exam Flashcards
Antibiotics
A substance that’s used to kill another microorganism
Antibiotic resistance
Resistance t one or more antibiotics due to a change in genetic information
Conjugation
One way transfers of plasmid DNA by cellular contact (via pilus )
Nucleoid
Bacterial chromosomal DNA
Plasmid
A small ring of DNA that carries accessory genes from those of the bacterial cell
Transduction
Transfer of genetic material via a phage/virus
Transformation
Uptake and inclusion of DNA by cell (after another wells death)
Capsule
Outer layer that allows bacterial to stick to things and gives them extra protection
Endotoxins
Molecules that make up the outer membrane of gram negative bacteria fell walls that kill surrounding pathogens
Get membrane
Controls what comes into and out of the cell
Gram negative
Cell wall contains multiple layers, W/ a thin layer of peptidoglycan,outside layer contains endotoxins, outermembrame serves as barrier specific proteins allow for molecules to pass through, gram stain is pink
Gram positive
Thick layer of peptidoglycan, No outer membrane present, no prions present, gram stain is purple
B-lactam/ penicillin
Inhibits the enzyme used to make the cell wall to the cell wall becomes weakened
Tetracyclines
Bind to ribosomes and inhibit tRNA from brining amino acids thus stopping protein production
Fluoroquinolones
Prevent the supercooling of DNA and therefore bacterial reproduction
