Meteorology pt 2 Test Flashcards
what is the pressure during a cyclone?
low
what is the pressure during an anticyclone?
high
what is the weather during a cyclone?
wet, stormy and cloudy
what is the weather like during an anticyclone?
clear, calm, fairly dry
What accompanies a thunderstorm?
lightning, thunder, rain
what type of clouds create thunderstorms?
cumulonimbus
ALL THUNDERSTORMS PRODUCE…
lightning
what happens when its lightning?
air expands explosively; expansion creates thunder
what time of the year do tornados occur?
spring and summer; usually in the late afternoon
funnel is a mixture of..
clouds and dust
what is the most damaging part of hurricane?
storm surge
how are hurricanes measured?
using the saffir-simpson scale
what is the weather in the eye of the hurricane?
- low pressure
- higher temps
- calmer winds
- winds most violent just outside of eye
Air pressure is affected by…
- temperature
- water vapor
- elevation
hurricanes are ___ pressure systems
low
rising air forms..
clouds and precipitation
sinking air produces..
clear skies
wind vane always points..
into wind
what is wind the result of?
horizontal differences in air pressure
Air flows from….
areas of higher pressure to areas of lower pressure
the unequal heating of Earth’s surface generates what?
pressure difference
what are the 3 factors combined to control wind?
- pressure differences
- Coriolis effect
- friction
when is friction important?
when it is close to the surface
winds in the Northern hemisphere flow to the..
right
winds in the Southern hemisphere flow to the ..
left
what is the height of jet streams?
15-20 km
what are ocean currents caused by?
winds and Coriolis effect
are geostrophic winds hot or cold?
cold asf
are polar easterlies constant or not constant?
not constant
A major El Niño episode can cause..
extreme weather in many different parts of the world
what is the three letter system of koppen climate classification
first letter- temperature
second letter- precipitation
third letter- more specific temperature
if the air mass originates over the ocean:
humid air mass(maritime)(m)
if the air mass originates over land
dry air mass(continental)(c)
cold air
cool air mass(Polar)(P)
warm air
warm air mass(Tropical)(T)
how to locate fronts
- strong temp gradients
- CCW rotation
- Lower pressure
- precipitation and clouds
how do you draw a stationary front?
alternating red semi-circles and blue triangles pointing opposite ways
how do you draw an occluded front?
purple line with alternating semi-circles and triangles
how do you draw a warm front?
red line with red semi-circles pointing in the direction of the front’s movement
a warm front brings what?
brings less severe weather over a larger area
how do you draw a cold front?
blue line with blue triangles pointing in the direction of the front’s movement
a cold front brings what?
brings strong storms with clear days following
what does a radiosonde do?
sends signals about air pressure, temp humidity
radiosonde contains..
other instruments: anemometer, barometer and wind vane
trade winds in the N. hemisphere deflect to the..
right
doldrums are close to where?
equator
trade winds in the S. hemisphere deflect to the..
left
N and S polar easterlies deflect to the..
left
N and S westerlies deflect to the..
right
anemometer units
mph,kph, knots
barometer units
mb (milobars) and atm (atmospheres)
how to find the pressure if the #is less than 500
place a ten in front and add a decimal in front of the ones place
ex: 225–> 1022.5
how to find the pressure if the #is greater than 500
place a 9 in front and add a decimal in front of the ones place
ex: 687–> 968.7
on a climograph, precipitation is the..
bar graph
on a climograph, the temperature is the..
line graph
