Astrology Test Flashcards
A massive star that has collapsed to such a small volume that its gravity prevents the escape of everything including light
black hole
a small body made of rocky and metallic pieces held together by frozen gases
comet
an apparent group of stars originally named for mythical characters; sky is divided into 88 of these
constellation
a group of stars, dust, and gases held together by gravity
galaxy
a star that falls into the main sequence category on the H-R diagram
main-sequence star
the luminous phenomenon observed when a meteoroid enters and burns up, known as a shooting star
meteor
lowest tidal range, occurring near the times of the 1st quarter and the 3rd quarter phases of the moon
neap tide
any portion of a meteoroid that reaches Earth’s surface
meteorite
a cloud of gas and/or dust in space
nebula
highest tidal range that occurs sue to the alignment of Earth, the moon and sun
spring tide
a very large, bright red star
supergiant
daily change in elevation of the ocean surface
tide
the place in the orbit of a planet where of the planet is the farthest from the sun
aphelion
the scientific study of the universe; it includes the observation and interpretation of celestial bodyies
astronomy
theory that proposes that the universe started as a single mass that exploded
big bang theory
shift in wavelength by a moving source going toward or away from an observer
doppler effect
the arrangement of electromagnetic radiation according to wavelength
electromagnetic spectrum
oval
elipse
describes the concept of an earth-centered universe
geocentric
describes the view that the sun is at the center of the solar system
heliocentric
the distance light travels in a year; about 9.5 trillion km
light year
the way in which the sun provides energy; nuclear fusion occurs when less massive nuclei combines with massive nuclei= massive nuclei
nuclear fusion
the point in the orbit of a planet where its closest to the sun
perihelion
a slow motion of Earth’s axis that traces out a cone over a period of 26,000 years
precession
the motion of one body about another, as earth about the sun
revolution
the spinning of a body, such as earth about its axis
rotation
Universe started as something smaller than an atom(singularity) and expanded
Big bang theory
how old is the universe?
13.8 billion yrs
is the earth still expanding
HELL YEAH
the big bang is a misnomer because..
it was neither big nor loud
what did the big bang create?
stars, planets, solar systems, galaxies and overall universe
celestial body that orbits a sun, has a roundish shape due to its gravitational force and has cleared its orbital path
planet
a star and all of the planets that orbit around it
solar system
why was pluto declared no longer a planet
because its orbital path wasnt cleared
a large collection of interstellar material, solar systems and dark matter that is held together by gravity
galaxy
all of time, space and its contents
universe
COPERNICUS CAME BEFORE GALILEO
YOU GOT THIS GIRL!!!
Keplers first law of planetary motion
planets orbit the sun in a path called an ellipse
- the earths diameter is larger at the equator than at the poles
- caused by the rotation of the earth and the centrifugal force perpendicular to it
Keplers 2nd law of planetary motion
planets move faster when they are closest to the sun in their orbits (similar to a running track)
Keplers 3rd law of planetary motion
the further away a planet orbits, the longer it takes to revolve around the sun= longer seasons (also like a running track)
How many days does it take to complete the phases of the moon?
30 days
Name 8 phases of moon
- new moon
- waxing crescent
- 1st quarter
- waxing gibbous
- full moon
- waning gibbous
- 3rd quarter
- waning crescent
blue shift
stars move towards earth, appear blue, compressing waves and has shorter wavelengths
red shift
stars move away from the earth, appear red, stretches star light and has longer wavelength
nuclear fusion
- process that take place in stars
- joining of 2 stars
- making atoms bigger
nuclear fission
- process that we use in power plants
- release of neutrons
- making atoms smaller
similarities between fission and fusion
involves nuclei of atoms and releases a lot of energy
shorter wavelength
higher frequency and higher energy
longer wavelength
lower frequency, lower energy
universe–> planet smallest to biggest
planet- solar system- galaxy- universe
Spring Tide (vd)
- occur in full/new moons
- results in maximum tidal range
- caused by the earth’s gravitational pull
Neap Tide
- occur in 1st and 3rd quarter moons
- results in minimum tidal range
- caused by the earth’s gravitational pull
A wobble around the earth’s axis 1/2 degrees change/18 year period due to the moon’s gravity
Nutation
the balance between the masses of the planets as they orbit
Barycenter
a body of gases that gives off a tremendous amount of radiant energy in the form of light and heat
star
a group of stars that form a pattern in the sky
constellation
distance light can travel in a year
lightyear
lightyear is
9.5 trillion km
small part of the electromagnetic spectrum
visible light
separates light into different colors abundant elements in stars
sprectroscope
a star that blows up
supernova
a cloud of gas
neubla
bright center of stars with arms spiraling out
spiral
rock or icy fragment moving through space
meteoroid
light made by meteoroid as it passes through earth’s atmosphere
meteor
a meteor that lands on earth
meteorite
various shapes of the moon lighted by reflected light
phases
when the size of the visible portion of the moon is increasing
waxing
when the size of the visible moon is decreasing
waning
no lighted area of the moon is visible from the earth
new moon
entire half of the side of the moon facing earth is lit
full moon
how many minutes does it take for the sun’s light to reach earth?
8 min
collapsed core of a supernova
neutron star
solid, rock like mass, irregular in shape
asteroid
