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EASA facts and figures > Meteorology > Flashcards

Meteorology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the validity period of a SIGMET

A

4 hours

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2
Q

at what windspeeds will an aerodrome SIGMET be issued

A

20G28KT or 25G37KT depending on aerodrome requirements

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3
Q

At what visibility in fog will an aerodrome SIGMET be issued

A

below 600m

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4
Q

how often are windshear SIGMETs updated

A

every minute

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5
Q

how many Volcanic Ash Advisory Centres are there?

A

9

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6
Q

what do Regional Specialised Meteorological Centres (RSMC) do, and how many are there

A

they Monitor, Track and advise on tropical revolving storms, there are 6 of them

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7
Q

how often is a VOLMET updated

A

every 30 minutes

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8
Q

on what frequency bands are VOLMETs broadcast

A

HF and VHF

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9
Q

in an ATIS, are winds given in TRUE or MAG

A

MAG

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10
Q

in the UK, how many times is FORM 214 issued in a 24 hour period

A

4 times

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11
Q

What is the pressure at 5000 ft ISA

A

850 hPa

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12
Q

What is the pressure at 18000 ft ISA

A

500 hPa

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13
Q

at what altitude is density constant with latitude

A

26,000 ft

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14
Q

how long does the influence of a temporary cold anticyclone last?

A

roughly 24 hours

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15
Q

what are the features of a col in summer and winter

A

thunderstorms in summer, fog and poor vis in winter

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16
Q

what is the average lifetime of a frontal pressure system

A

10 - 14 days

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17
Q

at what flight level is the pressure 250 hPa

A

FL 340

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18
Q

at what flight level is the pressure 200 hPa

A

FL 390

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19
Q

at what latitudes does the STJ occour

A

NH: 25 - 40 degrees in winter, 40 - 45 degrees in summer

SH: 25 - 30 degrees

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20
Q

at what latitudes does the PFJ occour

A

40 - 65 degrees N, 50 - 55 degrees S

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21
Q

by what distance does the PFJ lag a cold front

A

200 nm

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22
Q

by what distance does the PFJ lead a warm front

A

400 nm

23
Q

what is the range of low clouds

A

sfc - 6500 ft

24
Q

what is the range of mid level clouds

A

6500 ft - 23000 ft

25
Q

what is the range of high level clouds

A

16500 ft - 45000 ft (tropopause)

26
Q

at what height is a stevenson screen and what does it contain

A

4ft agl, and contains a hygrometer and/or thermograph

27
Q

what is the typical absolute humidity at the equator

A

25 g / cubic meter

28
Q

what is the typical absolute humidity at the poles

A

0 g / cubic meter

29
Q

what is another name for a hygrometer

A

a psychrometer

30
Q

what is the DALR

A

3 degrees / 1000 ft

31
Q

what is the SALR

A

1.8 degrees / 1000 ft, though it is slightly greater in cold air, and slightly less in hot air

32
Q

what is conditional stability

A

It does not exist. conditional INstability is where DALR>ELR>SALR

33
Q

what is vertical windshear measured in

A

knots per 100 ft

34
Q

what is horizontal windshear measured in

A

knots per 1000 ft

35
Q

what is the depth of the friction layer

A

2000 ft - 3000 ft

36
Q

is the friction layer thinnest during day or night

A

night, as there is no convective turbulence, only mechanical turbulence

37
Q

what fluctuations in IAS and g might light turbulence cause

A

5 - 15 kt, <0.5g

38
Q

what fluctuations in IAS and g might moderate turbulence cause

A

15 - 25 kt, 1.0 g - 0.5 g

39
Q

what fluctuations in IAS and g might severe turbulence cause

A

> 25 kt, >1.0 g

40
Q

what is the diameter of a microburst

A

<5 km

41
Q

what is the duration of a microburst

A

1 - 5 mins

42
Q

what is the transition level?

A

the lowest usable flight level above the transition altitude

43
Q

what is a squall

A

a sudden increase in wind speed lasting over a minute

44
Q

what is a gale

A

Where wind speeds exceed 33 kt, or gusts exceed 42 kt

45
Q

what windspeed defines a hurricane

A

where winds exceed 63 knots

46
Q

at what height is the wind vane and anemometer positioned

A

10 m AGL

47
Q

what is the equation for coriolis force

A

CF = 2 Ω ρ V sin θ

48
Q

at what height does the geostrophic wind exist

A

above the friction layer (2000 - 3000 ft)

49
Q

in the northern hemisphere over land, what will the surface wind do in relation to the geostrophic wind

A

speed reduction of 50%, backing 30 degrees

50
Q

in the northern hemisphere over sea, what will the surface wind do in relation to the geostrophic wind

A

speed reduction of 30%, backing 10 degrees

51
Q

what is the range and speed of a sea breeze

A

10 - 15 kt, 10 - 15 nm either side of the coast

52
Q

what is the range and speed of a land breeze

A

5 kt, 5 nm either side of the coast

53
Q

what is the typical speed of a katabatic wind

A

10 kt

54
Q

what is the typical speed of an anabatic wind

A

5 kt

EASA facts and figures (14 decks)

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