Metals Flashcards
Malleable
able to be hammered or pressed permanently out of shape without breaking or cracking. (due to cation lattice in delocalized electron sea)
ductile
able to be drawn out into a thin wire. (due to cation lattice in delocalized electron sea)
Electrical conductivity
a measure of the ability of the material to conduct an electrical current. Metals conduct electricity by allowing free electrons to move between the atoms.
Thermal conductivity
the ability of a given material to conduct/transfer heat. Metals are particularly good conductors of heat because their cations are very closely packed so the vibrations are passed on very quickly.
Electrostatic attraction
occurs when two particle types have opposite charge and there is mutual attraction.
Kinetic energy
the form of energy due to motion (heat is also motion so thermal energy is a type of this energy).
Electrical resistance
resistance to electricity, a force that counteracts the flow of current. Increases as temperature increases.
Superconductors
a type of material that, when cooled to a critical temperature, can conduct electricity with no resistance or energy loss.
How does ionic radius affect metallic bonding?
as ionic radius increases bonding strength decreases.
How does ionic charge affect metallic bonding?
as ionic charge increases bonding strength increases.
How does metallic bond strength affect boiling point?
as bond strength increases boiling point increases.
How does metallic bond strength affect melting point?
as bond strength increases melting point increases.
Transition element
any element with an incomplete d orbital
Alloy
a mixture of chemical elements of which at least one is a metal that retains all the properties of a metal in the resulting material. Usually stronger than pure metals b/c of disrupted lattice.
NaK
an allow with a low melting temp made of sodium and potassium. (used in nuclear reactors)
