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Chemistry > Metal and Non - metals - Intro, overview/meaning > Flashcards

Metal and Non - metals - Intro, overview/meaning Flashcards

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1
Q

Total known elements?

A

115

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2
Q

Elements are divided into? on the basis of?

A

Metals and Non - metals on the basis on their properties

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3
Q

define malleable

A

can be beaten with a hammer to form thin sheets w/o breaking

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4
Q

define ductile

A

can be stretched/drawn to form thin wires

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5
Q

define brittle

A

breaks on hammering/stretching

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6
Q

chemical Properties of metals -

A

elements that conduct heat and electricity

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7
Q

metals are ->

A

malleable and ductile

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8
Q

physical properties

A

lustrous, hard, strong, heavy, sonorous

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9
Q

example of metals

A

iron, au, ag, cu, na, k, ca, mg

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10
Q

exception of state

A

all are solid except mercury -> liquid

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11
Q

during rxn metals form? by?

A

+ve ions, losing electrons

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12
Q

metals definition chemically

A

elements (except hydrogen) which form +ve ions by losing/donating electrons ex - AL3+

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13
Q

Metals are called ———– elements

A

electropositive elements

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14
Q

most abundant metal in earths crust?

A

al (7%), iron (4%), ca, na, k, mg

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15
Q

properties of non metals ->

A

x conduct heat/electricity, x malleable/ductile -> brittle, x lustrous -> dull appearance, x sonorous, x strong -> soft

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16
Q

ex of non metals

A

carbon, sulphur, phosphorus, silicon, H, O2, N, Cl, Br, Iodine, He, Neon, Argon

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17
Q

carbon impt ex -

A

2 allotropic forms of carbon -> diamond, graphite

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18
Q

total non metals and their divisions -

A

22, solids -> 10, liquid -> 1 - bromine, gases -> 11

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19
Q

During rxn non metals form? by?

A

-ve ions by gaining electrons

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20
Q

exception of electrons in non metals?

A

hydrogen -> losses electrons to form +ve ions

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21
Q

How cn u say non metals are impt?

A

for lyphie -> carbon compounds form life

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22
Q

how is o2 impt?

A

saasein + combustion

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23
Q

nitrogen is —— gas? impt?

A

inert gas, reduces rate of combustion making life safer

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24
Q

how is Sulphur impt?

A

hair, onion, garlic

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25
Q

most abundant non metal ->?

A

OXYGEN 50% of our crust, silicon - 26%, phosphorus, Sulphur

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26
Q

best malleable metal

A

gold and silver

27
Q

thin sheets are called?

A

foils

28
Q

silver foil is used in?

A

sweets

29
Q

al foil is used in?

A

packaging food items, milk bottle caps

30
Q

iron sheet is used in?

A

boxes, buckets, drums, water tanks

31
Q

most ductile metal

A

gold, 1g of gold = 2 kms

32
Q

cu - wires, al - wires are used in?

A

electrical wires

33
Q

fe wires?

A

wire gauzes

34
Q

mg wires?

A

sci experiemnts in lab

35
Q

tungsten wires?

A

filaments of bulbs

36
Q

explain how metals are good conduction of heat

A

they allow heat to pass thru em easily

37
Q

nail demonstration for conduction of heat -

A

when an al rod is attachd to one end on a stand and other is put near a flame the iron nails stuck to the rod with wax will start dropping down one by one as heat travels from hotter -> colder end nd wax is melted.

38
Q

conduction of heat in metals is also known as?

A

thermal conductivity

39
Q

best conductor of heat?

A

silver

40
Q

y are cooking utensils made up of cu, al?

A

bcs they are gud conductors of heat

41
Q

poorest conductor of heat?

A

lead, mercury too

42
Q

How is heat conducted thru metals?

A

when heated, atoms gain energy -> vibrate vigorsly the energy is transfrrd to electrons nd the electrons move nd transfer energy to other electrons nd atoms

43
Q

How are metals good conductors of electricity?

A

they allow electricity/electric current to pass thru them

44
Q

electric conduction demonstration

A

take a bulb a battery nd 2 wires with crocodile clips at the end put an al foil completing the circuit nd the bulb will glow -> yes conduction happens

45
Q

How are they gud conductos

A

they have low resistance, meaning high conductivity,

46
Q

best conductor of electricity

A

silver

47
Q

electric wires are of cu and al y?

A

bcs they r ud conductors of e

48
Q

bad conductors of elec?

A

fe and mercury bcs they have high resistance

49
Q

How rlly does conduction of elec take place?

A

bcs they contain free e-s and they can move easily thru conducting elec

50
Q

what is PVC?

A

poly vinyl chloride which is an insulator and the covering of wires have this plastics covering on it so if we touch we dont hv current die us.

51
Q

explain lustre in metals

A

metallic lustre -> jwellery/decor, they are shiny and hence are good reflectors ex - silver in mirrors, after exposure of air they become dull due to the formation of the thin layer of oxide, carbonate, sulphate making the surface corroded, rubbing sandpaper -> removes layer -> shiny again

52
Q

which metals arent hard?

A

sodium potassium

53
Q

which metals arent strong?

A

sodium potassium

54
Q

metals usually have high melting and boiling points

A

fe - 1535c, cu - 1083, sodium - 98, potassium - 64c, GALLIUM - 30, CESIUM - 28 -> MELT IN HAND

55
Q

High densities of metals mean? exception?

A

they are heavy substances, sodium potassium

56
Q

usual color of metals? exceptions?

A

silver/grey -> cu (reddish brown), au -> yellow

57
Q

Non metals physical prps?

A

x malleable, x ductile -> yep brittle, break into pieces when hammered, applicable only to solids

58
Q

y do non metals not conduct heat/electricity, exception?

A

no free electrons, carbon (in the form of graphite is a gud conductor) used in electrodes

59
Q

non metals are not lustrous exception?

A

iodine

60
Q

non metals are soft exception?

A

diamond (v hard) (carbon)

61
Q

non metals have low melting nd boiling points exception nd details?

A

diamond, sulphurs m.p - 115, diamonds m.p - 3500

62
Q

explain the diffrnt colors of non metals

A

sulphur - yellow, phosprs - white, graphite - black, chlorine - yellowish - green, h and o2 - colorless

63
Q

metals like lithium, sodium, potassium are clld?

A

alkali metals they are soft nd hv low densities

Chemistry (14 decks)

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