Metabolism of Dietary TAGs

Question 1

How many fatty acids does lipoprotein lipase remove from TAG?

Answer 1

3

Question 2

Where is carnitine made?

Answer 2

liver and kidneys

Question 3

Carnitine Transporter Deficiency

Answer 3

muscle weakness, hypoketosis, hypoglycemia, and increased urine expression of carnitine

Question 4

1st step in B-oxidation

Answer 4

begin with palmitoyl CoA ——-(acyl-CoA dehydrogenase) (FAD –> FADH2) ——> double bond at B carbon
-takes away 2 Hs due to dehydrogenase

Question 5

What does B-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase do in B-oxidation?

Answer 5

• NAD+ –> NADH + H+

- turns the OH to double bonded O on B-Carbon

Question 6

what does thiolase do in B-oxidation?

Answer 6

makes acetyl CoA using C1 and Alpha Carbon

Question 7

What is thiolase used for?

Answer 7

• In B-oxidation: make an acetyl CoA using C1 and Alpha Carbon
• in other tissues - to help breakdown ketone bodies

Question 8

Can the liver use fatty acids for energy?

Answer 8

Nope.

• In fed state – it makes fatty acids for storage
• in fasting state – it does B-oxidation but uses the acteyl CoA to make ketone bodies in gluconeogenesis

Question 9

Which tissues do not have B-oxidation enzymes?

Answer 9

RBCs, Brain, adipose – BUT they do have tiolase to be able to breakdown ketone bodies for energy