Metabolism

Question 1

How many grams does carbohydrates provide?

Answer 1

5 grams

Question 2

How many grams does proteins and fat provide?

Answer 2

9 grams

Question 3

Anabolic reaction

Answer 3

Larger molecules are built from smaller molecules

Eg: Glucose > Glycogen

Building up energy storage and body structures

Question 4

Catabolic reactions

Answer 4

Breaking down larger complex molecules into smaller ones to produce energy

Eg: Glycogen > glucose

Question 5

Anaerobic metabolism:

Answer 5

Glycolysis

Glucose> pyruvate + 2ATPS

Question 6

Aerobic metabolism

Answer 6

Krebs cycle and ETC

Glucose+ O2 > CO2 + H2O + 32-34 ATPS

Question 7

What happens to excess glucose?

Answer 7

It is joined together and stored as glycogen (anabolic)

Question 8

Metabolism of glucose

Catabolic reaction

Answer 8

Glycogenysis

Gluconeogenesis

Question 9

What is glycogenolysis?

Answer 9

Glycogen breakdown to glucose used for energy

Question 10

What is gluconeogenesis?

Answer 10

Glycerol from fat

Amino acids converted into glucose and used for energy

Question 11

Metabolism of glucose

Anabolic reaction

Answer 11

Glycogenesis

Question 12

What is glycogenesis?

Answer 12

Glucose joined together and stored as glycogen

Question 13

What happens to excess glucose?

Answer 13

Converted to fatty acids and stored in TAGS

Question 14

Glycaemic index

Answer 14

The amount of carbohydrate in the reference and test food must be the same

Question 15

Metabolism of carbohydrates

Monosaccharides are delivered to___

Answer 15

Liver

Question 16

Metabolism of carbohydrates

What is excess glucose converted into?

Answer 16

TAGs in liver and adipose cells

Question 17

Protein metabolism

Functional proteins—?

Structural proteins—?

Answer 17

Hormones, receptors or enzymes

Actin, myosin in muscle cells

Question 18

Some proteins are deaminated to__

Answer 18

Keto acids

Question 19

What does the liver use amino acids for?

Answer 19

To synthesise plasma proteins

Question 20

What is the protein for clotting?

Answer 20

Fibrinogen

Question 21

What is the protein for transport?

Answer 21

Albumin

Question 22

What is the protein for immunity?

Answer 22

Immunoglobulins

Question 23

Excess amino acids are converted into

Answer 23

TAG and stored in adipose tissue

Question 24

Dietary triglycerides are transported in___ and move through___

Answer 24

Chylomicrons

Lymph fluid into the blood stream

Question 25

Triglycerides catabolic reactions

Glycerol enters what

Answer 25

Glycolysis

Question 26

What is metabolic absorptive state?

Answer 26

Time during and shortly after eating

May last up to 4 hours during and after eating

Question 27

What is insulin?

Answer 27

Major anabolic hormone released during and just after eating

Question 28

Glycogenesis is stimulated by

Answer 28

Insulin

Question 29

Glycogenolysis is stimulated by

Answer 29

Glucagon and epinephrine

Question 30

Insulin is secreted from

Answer 30

Beta cells

Question 31

Glucagon is secreted from

Answer 31

Alpha cells

Question 32

Insulin receptors act as a what

Answer 32

Barrier to glucose entry

Question 33

What does insulin promote?

Answer 33

Anabolic reactions

Question 34

Insulin secretion dominates T OR F

Answer 34

true

Question 35

Glucose diffuses where

Answer 35

Into cells