Metabolism

Question 1

How are serum cobalamin and folate impacted by pregnancy?

Answer 1

Cobalamin decreased in late pregnancy compared to mid pregnancy
Larger litter, lower B12
No change in folate

Question 2

how are serum calprotectin and SA100A12 (inflammatory maker from neutrophils) impacted in mini schnauzers with hyperlipidemia? What can be inferred from these findings?

Answer 2

Calprotectin is higher in dogs with high triglycerides and high lipids, not in dogs with isolated high cholesterol
Do not improve with low fat diet
Hyperlipidemia is associated with pro-inflammatory condition that does not improve with dietary management

Question 3

how are iron and transferrin impacted in pregnancy?

Answer 3

serum iron and transferrin are increased in late pregnancy

Question 4

What changes is folate associated with in pregnancy?

Answer 4

weakly correlated with anemia

Question 5

What dietary modification can be made to help control seizures in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy?

Answer 5

lower when fed medium chain triglyceride-dietary supplement compared to control-DS

Question 6

How to senior cat diets differ from adult cat diets?

Answer 6

higher crude fiber, but otherwise similar to adult maintenance diets (no difference in protein, fat, minerals)

Question 7

Impact of low fat diet on TG and cholesterol in mini schnauzers with hyperlipidemia?

Answer 7

Reduces serum triglycerides, cholesterol, and lipoprotein profiles
Diet: royal canin GI low fat

Question 8

What happens to 25OHD after CCL surgery?

Answer 8

declined immediately after surgery then increased back to pre-surgery levels at 60 days

Question 9

How does serum Spexin differ in overconditioned by healthy weight dogs?

Answer 9

Lower in obese dogs compared to healthy weight dogs
negative correlation with insulin, TG, cholesterol, non-esterified FA, and fructosamine
positive correlation with adiponectin

Question 10

What serum metabolites are different in dogs with azotemia vs non-azotemic dogs?

Answer 10

citrate, tyrosine, branched-chain amino acids, valine, leucine, albumin, linoleic acid and the ratio of phenylalanine to tyrosine

Question 11

What diets in puppy hood are negatively associated with allergies? RF for allergies?

Answer 11

raw food
mixed oils, heat processed food, sugary fruit RF