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JVIM 2018-2023 > Liver Papers > Flashcards

Liver Papers Flashcards

1
Q

How did preoperative plasma albumin differ in recovered dogs post PSS vs non recovered dogs?

A

Higher in recovered dogs vs non recovered dogs (23 vs 19)

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2
Q

What three genes are most predictive of positive outcome for PSS repair?

A

DHDH, ERLEC1, and LYSMD2

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3
Q

OR of developing and GBM in border terriers?

A

85x higher (OR 56.9-126.8)

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4
Q

In border terriers, is GBM formation associated with an endocrinopathy?

A

No

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5
Q

How is p21 Immunopositivity correlated with CH in dogs? How is it correlated with survival?

A

Positive correlation of p21 immunopositivity. Negatively correlated with survival

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6
Q

What cut off of p21 can be used to survival of dogs with CH?

A

P21 over 91.8% positive compared to 88.9% positive

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7
Q

What is the sensitivity and specify of miR-122 for liver disease compared to healthy dogs?

A

Sn 77%, Sp 97%

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8
Q

How many dogs per JVIM 2023 developed post attenuation seizures?

A

5%

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9
Q

How many dogs had a clinical recovery vs complete recovery post attenuation of EHPSS?

A

72/85 clinical recovery (84.7%), 41/80 (51.2%) complete recovery

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10
Q

How much higher was hepatic copper concentration in PB and NPB in 2009-2015 compared to 1982-1988?

A

PB: 313 NPB: 101

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11
Q

What does liver disease do to half life of mirtazapine in cats?

A

Prolonged half life of mirtazapine with liver disease (13.8 hours compared to 7.4 hours)

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12
Q

Lesion leptospirosis can cause in the liver

A

Chronic granulomatous inflammation

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13
Q

What miRNAs can be used to predict grade of hepatitis and stage of fibrosis?

A

miR-122 and miR-29a

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14
Q

Which of the following biomarker cannot be used to infer severity of liver disease?
A. GSH
B. P21
C. miR-122
D. miR-219a

A

GSH

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15
Q

Are sodium benzoate and sodium phenylbutyrate effective to treat hyperammonemia?

A

No

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16
Q

What is a novel treatment for copper hepatopathy?

A

Tetrathiomolybdate, showed copped decrease at 6 weeks and 12 weeks

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17
Q

What metabolites are increased in dogs with cPSS?

A

Aromatic AA and xylitol

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18
Q

What gene mutation has been associated with copper hepatopathy in Dobermans?

A

ATP7B

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19
Q

What gene may be protective for copper hepatoapthy?

A

ATP7A

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20
Q

What marker is increased in dogs with HCC compared to healthy dogs?

A

Glutamic acid, other plasma free AA are not associated

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21
Q

What method of shunt closure is associated with better outcome? What is the strength of this data?

A

Ameroid constrictor over thin film band, quality of evidence is low and high risk of bias

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22
Q

What percentage of dogs respond to cyclosporine with chronic hepatitis and how long do they take to response?

A

79%, 2.5 months median time to remission

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23
Q

What is the MST of dogs with medically vs surgically managed GBM?

A

MST surgical (1802), medical (1340) and medical then surgical (203)

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24
Q

What was associated with increased survival in surgical group for GBM from JVIM 2019?

A

Ruptured GMB on ultrasound

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25
What are factors associated with decreased survival for GBM?
GBM type, ALP, creatinine, phosphorus elevations
26
What is a noninvasive way to evaluate presence of hepatic fibrosis in dogs with hepatic disease?
Two dimensional shear wave elastography
27
What is the impact of Enterococcus faecium SF68 on biochemisty?
No impact of ALP/ALT, may cause hypertriglyceridemia
28
How many cats with EHPP treated with thin film had seizures post surgery?
23.5%
29
What is the complication and mortality rate for cats with surgically corrected EHPSS with thin film band?
32% complication rate, 17.6% mortality rate
30
How many cats with surgically corrected EHPSS with thin film band had normalization of bile acids?
25/28 cats
31
What percentage of splenic FNAs provided a clinically relevant diagnosis?
20%
32
What are three ultrasonographic predictors of clinically relevant splenic aspirates?
Splenic nodules 1-2cm in diameter, peritoneal fluid and >1 targetoid nodule
33
What impact did AICAR and T863 have on TAG in feline liver in vitro studies?
Both decrease TAG
34
What enzyme is primarily responsive for TAG synthesis in feline hepatic lipidosis?
DGAT1
35
How is spironolactone helpful for treatment of liver disease other than ascites?
Helps treat intrahepatic portal hypertension as this activates RAAS and increase aldosterone
36
What percent of dogs undergoing percutaneous ultrasound guided liver biopsies had a decrease in PCV?
85.3%
37
What percent of dogs undergoing percutaneous ultrasound guided liver biopsies had major hemorrhage (PCV decrease more than 6%) and what percentage had severe complications needing intervention or death?
42.2% and 1.9%
38
What diagnostic test can be performed to assess liver perfusion after shunt closure?
lidocaine/monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX)
39
What is the sensitivity and specificity of lidocaine/MEGX test to determine shunt occlusion? How long after lidocaine administration does MEGX concentration need to be measured?
Sn 96.2%, sp 82.8% . 15 minutes
40
What disease processes have the highest resting SBAs?
Cirrhosis and congenital circulatory
41
What disease processes have the highest post prandial SBAs?
Chronic hepatitis and congenital circulatory disease
42
What disease processes have the highest sensitivity of resting SBA and what are they?
circulatory abnormalities 87.5% sn and chronic hepatitis 81.1% sn
43
What disease processes have the highest sensitivity of post prandial SBA and what are they?
Cholangitis 100% , circulatory abnormalities 91.1%
44
What is the specificity of resting and postprandial SBA for all causes of liver disease to detect type of liver disease?
49.3% sn, 29.7% sp
45
What is more sensitive and less specific, resting SBA or post prandial?
Postprandial
46
What cardiac abnormality may be associated with gallbladder wall edema?
Pericardial effusion
47
What does medical management for PSS do to branch chain AA?
No change
48
What is the ratio of branch chain AA to aromatic AA in dogs with EHPP?
Low BCAA:AAA ratio
49
What does a low ratio of BCAA:AAA indicate?
Moderate to severe hepatic dysfunction
50
What percent of dogs with GBM are hypercoagulable?
83%
51
How are hepatic lead and copper concentrations correlated?
Positively correlated
52
What CBC finding is more likely in dogs with high hepatic lead concentrations?
Microcytosis
53
Dilation of the cystic duct is associated with what?
Reflux of pancreatitis juice
54
In cats with biliary stenting with EHBO, how many survived to discharge, had improvement in clinical signs, and had total serum bilirubin disease?
78.3% survived, 75% improvement in clinical signs, 68.4% had improvement in total bilirubin
54
55
MST of cats with EHBO with biliary stent placed?
931 days
56
What factor was associated with survival in cats with EHBO with stents placed?
Absence of peritoneal effusion
57
What biochemical abnormalities are found in dogs with symptomatic cholelithiasis compared to incidental?
ALP, ALT, and GGT higher in symptomatic cases
58
What location of cholithiasis is more likely to be associated with symptomatic disease?
Choledocholithaiss
59
What proportion of dogs with cholithiasis resolved medically, surgically, and without treatment?
4/8 medically treated, 5/7 surgically treated, and ½ non treated dogs
60
What ultrasonographic changes can be seen with dexmedetomidine? What proportion of dogs was this seen in?
24% of dogs developed GBW thickening >2.0 mm,, 5 dogs developed peritoneal effusion
61
What hematological changes are noted in dogs with skin lesions associated with hepatocutaneous syndrome at presentation?
Lower HCT and MCV at presentation associated with skin lesions
62
What are urinary markers of hepatocutaneous syndrome?
Urine lysine and methionine
63
64
How are SND and hepatocutaneous syndrome different?
Hepatocutanous syndrome is an early form of SND
65
What is the MST of hepatocutaneous syndrome?
557 days liver disease specific, 359 days all cause of disease
66
What is the ideal treatment/number of treatments for dogs with hepatocutaneous syndrome?
2 or more AA treatment, 3 or more nutritional supplements, home cooked diet
67
What were independent factors of death in dogs with surgically managed GBM?
Age and intraoperative systolic blood pressure nadir
68
When would you expect to see hepatotoxicity from zonisamide in a dog?
13-16 days after administration, occurred in 0.2% of dogs. Resolves after discontinuation, 1 dog died of liver failure
69
What may you expect to see with chronically administered zonisamide in dogs and what is the rate of this abnormality?
<10% increase in ALP and ALT, 1 dog had hypoalbuminemia
70
What is 25OHD correlated with in dogs with CH?
Positive correlation with albumin, negative correlation with AST and neutrophil count
71
What is CRP correlated with in dogs with CH?
Positive correlation with histopathologic necroinflammatory activity and fibrosis score
72
What is vWF correlated with in dogs with CH?
Positive correlation with fibrosis score and PT, negative correlation with albumin
73
What percentage of dogs with biliary sludge developed gallbladder mucocele and what were factors increasing this risk?
13% of dogs with sludge developed GBM. Gravity dependent biliary sludge increase risk, Sheltie (OR 40.99) or border terrier (OR 11.66) more likely
74
What percent of dogs with liver disease have gastrointestinal ulcerations and erosion?
10% ulceration, 15% erosions
75
What are the most important factors of medical management for dogs with HE?
Diet and lactulose, adding metronidazole did not result in further clinical improvement
76
What disease is domestic cat hepadnavirus with?
Chronic lymphoplasmacytic hepatitis
77
What was the positivity rate for domestic cat hepadnavirus in all cats, in cats with liver disease, and normal cats?
18.5%, 13.85% liver disease, 3.7% normal cats
78
What was correlated with the amount of domestic cat hepadnavirus?
ALT, triglycerides, GGT, and degree of hepatitis
79
What was positively and negatively associated with degree of copper accumulation?
Breed-doberman, lab, westie, age negatively associated
80
What biopsy findings was associated with abnormally high hepatic copper?
Severity of inflammation and necrosis/apoptosis
81
What was the average PPM of copper of all liver biopsies?
391
82
How many dogs have >1000 PPM DW of copper?
19%

JVIM 2018-2023 (9 decks)

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