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JVIM 2018-2023 > Liver Papers > Flashcards

Liver Papers Flashcards

1
Q

How did preoperative plasma albumin differ in recovered dogs post PSS vs non recovered dogs?

A

Higher in recovered dogs vs non recovered dogs (23 vs 19)

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2
Q

What three genes are most predictive of positive outcome for PSS repair?

A

DHDH, ERLEC1, and LYSMD2

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3
Q

OR of developing and GBM in border terriers?

A

85x higher (OR 56.9-126.8)

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4
Q

In border terriers, is GBM formation associated with an endocrinopathy?

A

No

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5
Q

How is p21 Immunopositivity correlated with CH in dogs? How is it correlated with survival?

A

Positive correlation of p21 immunopositivity. Negatively correlated with survival

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6
Q

What cut off of p21 can be used to survival of dogs with CH?

A

P21 over 91.8% positive compared to 88.9% positive

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7
Q

What is the sensitivity and specify of miR-122 for liver disease compared to healthy dogs?

A

Sn 77%, Sp 97%

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8
Q

How many dogs per JVIM 2023 developed post attenuation seizures?

A

5%

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9
Q

How many dogs had a clinical recovery vs complete recovery post attenuation of EHPSS?

A

72/85 clinical recovery (84.7%), 41/80 (51.2%) complete recovery

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10
Q

How much higher was hepatic copper concentration in PB and NPB in 2009-2015 compared to 1982-1988?

A

PB: 313 NPB: 101

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11
Q

What does liver disease do to half life of mirtazapine in cats?

A

Prolonged half life of mirtazapine with liver disease (13.8 hours compared to 7.4 hours)

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12
Q

Lesion leptospirosis can cause in the liver

A

Chronic granulomatous inflammation

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13
Q

What miRNAs can be used to predict grade of hepatitis and stage of fibrosis?

A

miR-122 and miR-29a

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14
Q

Which of the following biomarker cannot be used to infer severity of liver disease?
A. GSH
B. P21
C. miR-122
D. miR-219a

A

GSH

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15
Q

Are sodium benzoate and sodium phenylbutyrate effective to treat hyperammonemia?

A

No

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16
Q

What is a novel treatment for copper hepatopathy?

A

Tetrathiomolybdate, showed copped decrease at 6 weeks and 12 weeks

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17
Q

What metabolites are increased in dogs with cPSS?

A

Aromatic AA and xylitol

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18
Q

What gene mutation has been associated with copper hepatopathy in Dobermans?

A

ATP7B

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19
Q

What gene may be protective for copper hepatoapthy?

A

ATP7A

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20
Q

What marker is increased in dogs with HCC compared to healthy dogs?

A

Glutamic acid, other plasma free AA are not associated

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21
Q

What method of shunt closure is associated with better outcome? What is the strength of this data?

A

Ameroid constrictor over thin film band, quality of evidence is low and high risk of bias

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22
Q

What percentage of dogs respond to cyclosporine with chronic hepatitis and how long do they take to response?

A

79%, 2.5 months median time to remission

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23
Q

What is the MST of dogs with medically vs surgically managed GBM?

A

MST surgical (1802), medical (1340) and medical then surgical (203)

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24
Q

What was associated with increased survival in surgical group for GBM from JVIM 2019?

A

Ruptured GMB on ultrasound

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25
Q

What are factors associated with decreased survival for GBM?

A

GBM type, ALP, creatinine, phosphorus elevations

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26
Q

What is a noninvasive way to evaluate presence of hepatic fibrosis in dogs with hepatic disease?

A

Two dimensional shear wave elastography

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27
Q

What is the impact of Enterococcus faecium SF68 on biochemisty?

A

No impact of ALP/ALT, may cause hypertriglyceridemia

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28
Q

How many cats with EHPP treated with thin film had seizures post surgery?

A

23.5%

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29
Q

What is the complication and mortality rate for cats with surgically corrected EHPSS with thin film band?

A

32% complication rate, 17.6% mortality rate

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30
Q

How many cats with surgically corrected EHPSS with thin film band had normalization of bile acids?

A

25/28 cats

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31
Q

What percentage of splenic FNAs provided a clinically relevant diagnosis?

A

20%

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32
Q

What are three ultrasonographic predictors of clinically relevant splenic aspirates?

A

Splenic nodules 1-2cm in diameter, peritoneal fluid and >1 targetoid nodule

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33
Q

What impact did AICAR and T863 have on TAG in feline liver in vitro studies?

A

Both decrease TAG

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34
Q

What enzyme is primarily responsive for TAG synthesis in feline hepatic lipidosis?

A

DGAT1

35
Q

How is spironolactone helpful for treatment of liver disease other than ascites?

A

Helps treat intrahepatic portal hypertension as this activates RAAS and increase aldosterone

36
Q

What percent of dogs undergoing percutaneous ultrasound guided liver biopsies had a decrease in PCV?

A

85.3%

37
Q

What percent of dogs undergoing percutaneous ultrasound guided liver biopsies had major hemorrhage (PCV decrease more than 6%) and what percentage had severe complications needing intervention or death?

A

42.2% and 1.9%

38
Q

What diagnostic test can be performed to assess liver perfusion after shunt closure?

A

lidocaine/monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX)

39
Q

What is the sensitivity and specificity of lidocaine/MEGX test to determine shunt occlusion? How long after lidocaine administration does MEGX concentration need to be measured?

A

Sn 96.2%, sp 82.8% . 15 minutes

40
Q

What disease processes have the highest resting SBAs?

A

Cirrhosis and congenital circulatory

41
Q

What disease processes have the highest post prandial SBAs?

A

Chronic hepatitis and congenital circulatory disease

42
Q

What disease processes have the highest sensitivity of resting SBA and what are they?

A

circulatory abnormalities 87.5% sn and chronic hepatitis 81.1% sn

43
Q

What disease processes have the highest sensitivity of post prandial SBA and what are they?

A

Cholangitis 100% , circulatory abnormalities 91.1%

44
Q

What is the specificity of resting and postprandial SBA for all causes of liver disease to detect type of liver disease?

A

49.3% sn, 29.7% sp

45
Q

What is more sensitive and less specific, resting SBA or post prandial?

A

Postprandial

46
Q

What cardiac abnormality may be associated with gallbladder wall edema?

A

Pericardial effusion

47
Q

What does medical management for PSS do to branch chain AA?

A

No change

48
Q

What is the ratio of branch chain AA to aromatic AA in dogs with EHPP?

A

Low BCAA:AAA ratio

49
Q

What does a low ratio of BCAA:AAA indicate?

A

Moderate to severe hepatic dysfunction

50
Q

What percent of dogs with GBM are hypercoagulable?

A

83%

51
Q

How are hepatic lead and copper concentrations correlated?

A

Positively correlated

52
Q

What CBC finding is more likely in dogs with high hepatic lead concentrations?

A

Microcytosis

53
Q

Dilation of the cystic duct is associated with what?

A

Reflux of pancreatitis juice

54
Q

In cats with biliary stenting with EHBO, how many survived to discharge, had improvement in clinical signs, and had total serum bilirubin disease?

A

78.3% survived, 75% improvement in clinical signs, 68.4% had improvement in total bilirubin

54
Q
A
55
Q

MST of cats with EHBO with biliary stent placed?

A

931 days

56
Q

What factor was associated with survival in cats with EHBO with stents placed?

A

Absence of peritoneal effusion

57
Q

What biochemical abnormalities are found in dogs with symptomatic cholelithiasis compared to incidental?

A

ALP, ALT, and GGT higher in symptomatic cases

58
Q

What location of cholithiasis is more likely to be associated with symptomatic disease?

A

Choledocholithaiss

59
Q

What proportion of dogs with cholithiasis resolved medically, surgically, and without treatment?

A

4/8 medically treated, 5/7 surgically treated, and ½ non treated dogs

60
Q

What ultrasonographic changes can be seen with dexmedetomidine? What proportion of dogs was this seen in?

A

24% of dogs developed GBW thickening >2.0 mm,, 5 dogs developed peritoneal effusion

61
Q

What hematological changes are noted in dogs with skin lesions associated with hepatocutaneous syndrome at presentation?

A

Lower HCT and MCV at presentation associated with skin lesions

62
Q

What are urinary markers of hepatocutaneous syndrome?

A

Urine lysine and methionine

63
Q
A
64
Q

How are SND and hepatocutaneous syndrome different?

A

Hepatocutanous syndrome is an early form of SND

65
Q

What is the MST of hepatocutaneous syndrome?

A

557 days liver disease specific, 359 days all cause of disease

66
Q

What is the ideal treatment/number of treatments for dogs with hepatocutaneous syndrome?

A

2 or more AA treatment, 3 or more nutritional supplements, home cooked diet

67
Q

What were independent factors of death in dogs with surgically managed GBM?

A

Age and intraoperative systolic blood pressure nadir

68
Q

When would you expect to see hepatotoxicity from zonisamide in a dog?

A

13-16 days after administration, occurred in 0.2% of dogs. Resolves after discontinuation, 1 dog died of liver failure

69
Q

What may you expect to see with chronically administered zonisamide in dogs and what is the rate of this abnormality?

A

<10% increase in ALP and ALT, 1 dog had hypoalbuminemia

70
Q

What is 25OHD correlated with in dogs with CH?

A

Positive correlation with albumin, negative correlation with AST and neutrophil count

71
Q

What is CRP correlated with in dogs with CH?

A

Positive correlation with histopathologic necroinflammatory activity and fibrosis score

72
Q

What is vWF correlated with in dogs with CH?

A

Positive correlation with fibrosis score and PT, negative correlation with albumin

73
Q

What percentage of dogs with biliary sludge developed gallbladder mucocele and what were factors increasing this risk?

A

13% of dogs with sludge developed GBM. Gravity dependent biliary sludge increase risk, Sheltie (OR 40.99) or border terrier (OR 11.66) more likely

74
Q

What percent of dogs with liver disease have gastrointestinal ulcerations and erosion?

A

10% ulceration, 15% erosions

75
Q

What are the most important factors of medical management for dogs with HE?

A

Diet and lactulose, adding metronidazole did not result in further clinical improvement

76
Q

What disease is domestic cat hepadnavirus with?

A

Chronic lymphoplasmacytic hepatitis

77
Q

What was the positivity rate for domestic cat hepadnavirus in all cats, in cats with liver disease, and normal cats?

A

18.5%, 13.85% liver disease, 3.7% normal cats

78
Q

What was correlated with the amount of domestic cat hepadnavirus?

A

ALT, triglycerides, GGT, and degree of hepatitis

79
Q

What was positively and negatively associated with degree of copper accumulation?

A

Breed-doberman, lab, westie, age negatively associated

80
Q

What biopsy findings was associated with abnormally high hepatic copper?

A

Severity of inflammation and necrosis/apoptosis

81
Q

What was the average PPM of copper of all liver biopsies?

A

391

82
Q

How many dogs have >1000 PPM DW of copper?

A

19%

JVIM 2018-2023 (9 decks)

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