metabolism Flashcards
what do cells use absorbed nutrients for
energy source and for protein synthesis
what does the liver take up
glucose/amino acids, fills glycogen stores, synthesises lipids for export to other tissues
what is excess CHO fat and protein stored as
lipids/glycogen
what is CHO absorbed as in carnivores/omnivores
monosaccharides mainly glucose
galactose/fructose converted to glucose in liver
what happens to CHO in herbivores
fermented to VFAs
what happens to glucose in herbivores
removed from blood mainly by liver via hepatic portal vein and stored/metabolised
what happens to glucose in liver and skeletal muscle
taken up and stored as glycogen
what happens to glucose in adipose tissue
taken up and converted to glycerol for synthesis of tri-glycerides
why cant lipids be transported in the blood
water insoluble
how are lipids made soluble
bind to proteins
what protein are ffa bound to
albumin
what are the 4 major types of lipoproteins
chylomicrons
very low density lipoproteins
low density lipoproteins
high density lipoproteins
what is post absorptive state dependent on
mobilisation of stored substrates for energy
how does the liver maintain plasma glucose levels constant
mobilising glycogen stores
producing glucose from other sources
what happens to glucose during post-absorptive state
no glucose absorbed
uptake of glucose by liver stopped
other tissues continue to use glucose therefore plasma glucose declines
