Metabolism

Question 1

List the primary enzymes involved in digestion

Answer 1

Amylase, Protease (pepsin, trypsin), Lipase

Question 2

What is the purpose of metabolism?

Answer 2

To convert food molecules to energy that can be used for cellular processes in the body. To break down food/fuel to the smaller ‘building blocks’ of proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and carbohydrates

Question 3

What is formed through the hydrolysis of proteins?

Answer 3

Amino acids

Question 4

Explain what the body does with the amino acids once hydrolysis of a protein is complete

Answer 4

The amino acids are used to synthesise new proteins as required by the body through condensation polymerisation reactions

Question 5

Define condensation polymerisation in relation to proteins

Answer 5

The process by which amino acids are joined, resulting in the release of a water molecule

Question 6

What is the relationship between hydrolysis and condensation polymerisation reactions?

Answer 6

They are essentially the reverse of each other - condensation reactions form compounds and release a water molecule, hydrolysis breaks down these compounds by reacting with water (water input)

Question 7

What are nutrients?

Answer 7

Large biomolecules that provide the body with energy, regulate growth, maintain and repair body tissues

Question 8

What is the purpose of emulsification in relation to digestion?

Answer 8

Emulsification if the break down of fats into smaller droplets, hence increasing the surface area on which lipase can act to digest the fats into fatty acids and glycerol.

Question 9

How does bile contribute to digestion?

Answer 9

Bile causes fats and oils to undergo the process of emulsification