Hydrolysis of Fats an Oils Flashcards
What are the products of the hydrolysis of triglycerides?
Glycerol and Fatty acids
What is the role of Bile in the hydrolysis of fats and oils?
Bile emulsifies fats and breaks them into large droplets to increase the surface area for more efficient enzyme activity.
Define Oxidative Rancidity.
The deterioration of lipids by atmospheric oxygen.
What are antioxidants?
Natural or synthetic reducing agents which are used to prevent rancidity.
List three methods for preventing rancidity.
Examples include: addition of antioxidants, vacuum packing, nitrogen filling (replaces oxygen), dark storage, cold storage.
What is the name of the enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of fats and oils?
Lipase
Where is the enzyme active in the hydrolysis of fats produced?
Lipase is produced in the pancreas.
Where are excess fats stored? Explain the process of storing fats.
Triglyceride undergoes hydrolyses to form glycerol and fatty acids, which pass through the blood stream to the liver where they are reformed. They are stored as triglycerides in adipose tissue until they are needed as a source of energy.
In the process of rancidity, which part of the triglyceride does oxygen react with?
The carbon to Carbon double bond (C=C).
Name one factor that effects the rate of rancidity.
More carbon to carbon double bonds results in a faster rate of rancidity. The presence of UV radiation increases the rate of rancidity.
What are free radicals and how are they formed?
When certain molecules of interact with oxygen, they form free radicals. These are very reactive atoms/groups of atoms with unpaired electrons. They start a chain of destructive chemical reactions.
