Metabolic glucose

Question 1

What happens when glucose concentration increases?

Answer 1

insulin secreted, stimulate glucose uptake, use, store in liver, adipose & muscle

Question 2

What happens when glucose decreases?

Answer 2

glucagon secreted, decreased utilise of glucose by tissue, mobilise glucose from storage in liver & gluconeogenesis (where stores depleted)

Question 3

Metabolic response to feeding

Answer 3

1. absorption of glucose, AA, lipids from gut, blood conc. increase
2. insulin release
3. glucose utilisation by muscles & adipose increases
4. glycogen production by liver
5. AA uptake & protein synthesis & fat storage

Question 4

Metabolic response to fasting

Answer 4

blood gluc. decrease, insulin not secreted
glucose uptake decrease
glucagon release
glycogenolysis & gluconeogenesis increase: maintain blood gluc. for brain
lipolysis stimulated: provide fatty A for tissues

Question 5

Metabolic response to starvation

Answer 5

fasting > 10 hrs, gluconeogenesis continues
ketogenesis in liver continues (for CNS)
proteolysis for AA –> gluconeogenesis

Question 6

which levels should glucose in body be maintained between?

Answer 6

greater or equal to 3mM (otherwise hypoglycaemia)

less than or equal to 6mM (otherwise hyperglycaemia)