Metabolic and Idiopathic Bone Disease

Question 1

what animals typically get panosteitis?

Answer 1

young, fast-growing large breed dogs
5-12 months old, up to 7 years old
german shepherd dogs

Question 2

how long may clinical signs of panosteitis last?

Answer 2

up to 9 months

Question 3

what can be seen on radiographs of panosteitis?

Answer 3

medullary opacity
endosteal thickening
periosteal proliferation

Question 4

what is hypertrophic pulmonary osteopathy characterized by?

Answer 4

reluctance to move
firm swelling of the distal limbs
lameness

Question 5

what is vitamin D deficiency caused by a deficiency of?

Answer 5

phosphorous, calcium, or phosphorous

Question 6

what is vitamin D deficiency?

Answer 6

failure of mineralization of osteoid and cartilaginous matrix

Question 7

what is the cortex like in rickets?

Answer 7

soft, with curvature and fracture

Question 8

who does rickets occur in?

Answer 8

puppies
pigs
crias
cattle

Question 9

what is the histological diagnosis of primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism?

Answer 9

fibrous osteodystrophy

Question 10

what can secondary hyperparathyroidism be due to?

Answer 10

severe renal disease
nutritional deficiencies

Question 11

what is osteomalacia?

Answer 11

abnormal softening of bones in adults

Question 12

what is rickets?

Answer 12

abnormal softening of the bones in children

Question 13

where does panosteitis have a predisposition to?

Answer 13

proximal to central 1/3 of femur
distal 1/3 of humerus

Question 14

what is considered to be the source of pain in panosteitis?

Answer 14

medullary edema and capillary distension

Question 15

who usually gets hypertrophic osteodystrophy?

Answer 15

young, rapidly growing large/giant breeds
2-8 months of age

Question 16

is hypertrophic osteodystrophy usually bilateral?

Answer 16

yes

Question 17

what happens in hypertrophic osteodystrophy pathologically?

Answer 17

neutrophil entrapment at chondro-osseous junction in metaphysis
immediately subjacent to physis
inflammation then necrosis
periosteal proliferation due to inflammation

Question 18

who commonly gets craniomandibular osteopathy?

Answer 18

young scottish westhighland terriers

Question 19

what is craniomandibular osteopathy like?

Answer 19

severe painful swelling of jaw
pain while eating
abnormal bone formation of flat bones of head

Question 20

are legg-calve-perthes disease usually bilateral?

Answer 20

no- 12-16%

Question 21

when is the peak incidence of legg-calve-perthes disease?

Answer 21

5-8 months of age

Question 22

what is the treatment of choice for legg-calve-perthes disease?

Answer 22

femoral head osteotomy
total hip replacement

Question 23

what does medical management of legg-calve-perthes disease yield?

Answer 23

25% success rate

Question 24

what happens in primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism?

Answer 24

resorption of normal bone with replacement by fibrous connective tissue and woven bone

Question 25

which nutritional deficiencies can lead to secondary hyperparathyroidism?

Answer 25

diet imbalance/deficiency of calcium or phosphorous
vitamin D deficiency

Question 26

is there treatment for craniomandibular osteopathy?

Answer 26

no

Question 27

what type of lameness is seen in legg-calve-perthes disease?

Answer 27

chronic non-traumatic hind limb lameness

Question 28

what is legg-calve-perthes disease likely initiated by?

Answer 28

episodes of ischemia

Question 29

how long may regression of the bone lesions in hypertrophic pulmonary osteopathy take after the primary mass is removed?

Answer 29

3-4 months

Question 30

what is seen in rickets?

Answer 30

increased depth of physis and distortion
gross skeletal deformities
cortex soft, curvature and fracture
spinal deformities
joint enlargement
pronounced in costochondral junction