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Skeletal Pathobiology > Joint Inflammation and Degenerative Joint Disease > Flashcards

Joint Inflammation and Degenerative Joint Disease Flashcards

1
Q

what is the role of type A cells in the intima of the synovial membrane?

A

phagocytic

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2
Q

what do type B cells in the intima of the synovial membrane do?

A

produce collagen and hyaluronic acid

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3
Q

how is the haversian system oriented to the joint?

A

parallel to joint

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4
Q

what is the principal working tissue of the joint?

A

articular cartilage

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5
Q

what type of collagen is most abundant in joints?

A

type II

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6
Q

what is the hallmark of osteoarthritis?

A

enzymatic degradation of cartilage

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7
Q

what are the proposed mechanisms for development of osteoarthritis?

A

defective cartilage
physical changes to subchondral bone
mechanical forces damage healthy cartilage

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8
Q

what is seen grossly with degradation of articular cartilage?

A

fibrillation
erosions
wear lines

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9
Q

how are type B cells in the intima of the synovial membrane derived?

A

fibroblast derived

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10
Q

how does articular cartilage get nutrition in adults?

A

synovial fluid

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11
Q

what is the main component of extracellular matrix in articular cartilage?

A

proteoglycans and collagen

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12
Q

what are the cartilage zones?

A

superficial/tangential
middle/transitional
deep/radial
calcified

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13
Q

what produces collagen in joints?

A

chondrocytes

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14
Q

what do collagens provide in joints?

A

structural support
tensile strength
type II most abundant

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15
Q

what do proteoglycans provide in joints?

A

compressive stiffness

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16
Q

what is osteoarthritis like in small animals and humans?

A

age related, progressive
underlying joint injury or trauma

17
Q

what is osteoarthritis like in equine?

A

synovitis or capsulitis
repetitive trauma

18
Q

what physical changes to the subchondral bone can lead to osteoarthritis?

A

increased sclerosis
fails to deform under normal loads
mechanical damage

19
Q

what does the synovium release in osteoarthritis?

A

lysosomal enzymes
prostaglandins
oxygen free radicals
cytokines

20
Q

what precedes the morphologic breakdown in osteoarthritis?

A

enzymatic degradation

21
Q

what do free radicals do?

A

cleave prostaglandins, collagen, and hyaluronic acid

22
Q

what does substance P do?

A

stimulates cytokine release

23
Q

what does the subsynovial stroma provide?

A

rich blood supply
produces synovial fluid
nutrient and waste exchange

24
Q

what is visible histologically with degradation of articular cartilage?

A

fibrillation
vertical clefts
chondrocyte necrosis
full thickness cartilage loss

25
Q

what does PGE2 do?

A

vasodilation
enhanced pain perception
prostaglandin depletion
bone demineralization

Skeletal Pathobiology (12 decks)

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