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MET ATPL Summary Flashcards

1
Q

How much (%) is water vapour in atmosphere?

A

0-5% (Highest level down low in areas of high temperatures).

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2
Q

C02 absorbs ____ radiation from the earth

A

long wave

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3
Q

What plays a major role in absorbing harmful ultra violet radiation from the sun?

A

The ozone

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4
Q

Það er talað um að eitt hp sé 27ft per 1000 ft. En í 18,000 ft, hvað er eitt hp þar?

A

48ft

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5
Q

Á hvaða “hæddarbili” liggur ozone layer?

A

18-30 km

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6
Q

Troposphere - stratosphere - ___phere - ___phere.

A

mesos, thermos

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7
Q

How much of the atmosphere’s weight (%) lies below the tropopause?

A

75%

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8
Q

Hvað er hitastigið við tropopause við

a) poles
b) mid latitude
c) equator

A

Poles = -45°C
Mid latitude = -55°C
Equator = -75°C

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9
Q

Hvað er þetta? “station pressure adjusted down to MSL using actual station temperature. “

A

QFF

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10
Q

1 cal = _ gram of water heated 1 k (specific heat)

A

1

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11
Q

Wet bulb temperature tells you what, and where does it lie?

A

Roughly how moist the air is. Lies between dew point and OAT.

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12
Q

for the same isobar spacing, wind speeds are lower/higher near the equator.

A

higher

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13
Q

inside 15° lat., the geostrophic wind scale does not work, so tropical winds are calculated, not measured.
these winds are called _____ winds.

A

cyclostrophic

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14
Q

Hversu hátt er “laminar boundary layer” og “turbulent boundary layer”?

A

Laminar boundary layer = 1,000 - 1,500 ft

Turbulent boundary layer = 2,000 ft.

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15
Q

lines that join places with equal rate of change of pressure = ___bars

A

isallobars

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16
Q

The effect that acknowledges that air flows into a low and out of a high across the isobars is called the ___ effect

A

isallobaric effect

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17
Q

turbulence light=__G
moderate=0,5-1G
severe=>1G

A

light: undir 0,5G
moderate: 0,5-1G
severe yfir 1G

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18
Q

hvað gilda high level significant weather charts lengi?

A

3 hours before and after valid

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19
Q

Hvað gildir SIGMET lengi?

A

4 hours

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20
Q

ICAO er með 3 weather domains sem eru..

A

LL (low level): FL100-FL250
ML (Medium level): FL250-450
HL (High level): FL450-600

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21
Q

The ITCZ is between __NM and __NM wide.

A

30nm - 300nm

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22
Q

Ef að cold front/cold occlusion hreyfist á hraðanum “1” hver er þá hraðinn á warm front/warm occlusion?

A

2/3 af þeim hraða (67%).

Möo þá hreyfist warm front hægar.

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23
Q

Í hvaða hitastigi hættir icing?

A

0°C og - 45°C

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24
Q

The visibility transmitted in METAR is the greatest value which is reached within at least half the ___ ___of the aerodrome

A

horizon circle

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25
Q

Hvaða vindar eru í geostrophic wind?

A

PGF + Coreolis force

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26
Q

Hvaða vindar eru í gradient wind?

A

PGF + Coreolis force + Centrifugal force

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27
Q

Hversu langt upp (í flight level) getur “hail” náð í CB cloud?

A

FL450

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28
Q

Hvað kind of clouds would you have in a warm front occlusion?

A

low stratus

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29
Q

A sea breeze would happen because of ____ in pressure for a given upper level due to surface heating by day.

A

increase

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30
Q

Hver er formúlan sem þú notar til að finna DP?

A

Cloud base = (temp - dp) * 400

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31
Q

Hver er formúlan til að finna tropopause height?

A

18 * cos(lat)

32
Q

Hver er formúlan til að finna F°?

A

1.8 * C + 32

33
Q

Hver er formúlan til að finna C°?

A

5/9 * (F - 32)

34
Q

Hvaða flight level er 150 hpa?

35
Q

Hvenær er VV tekið?

A

Measured when height of cloud base cannot be measured.

36
Q

Í hvaða charts eru isobars?

A

lower charts

37
Q

Hvaða þrír þættir ráða “the vertical extent of friction layers”?

A

Stability, roughness of surface, wind speed

38
Q

Hvað er visibility í Ci skýji?

39
Q

Hvað er í altostratus?

a) ice crystals b) water vapor c) water droplets

A

a) ice crystals c) water droplets

40
Q

Hvaða hiti er við tropopause við miðbaug?

41
Q

Can you find an inversion in the stratosphere?

42
Q

Weather charts nota a) QNH b) QFE c) QFF d) QNE

43
Q

TREND is an addition to METAR/SPECI and is valid for _ hours.

44
Q

Supercooled water droplets occur between _°C and _°C

A

0 -> -15°C

45
Q

Hvernig ísing myndast þegar supercooled water droplets eru stórir? En litlir?

A

stórir: Clear ice (þarf ekkert endilega að dreyfa úr sér)

litlir: Rime ice

46
Q

Hvaða tvo flokka af “flugupplýsingum” inniheldur ATIS?

A

MET REPORT/SPECIAL

47
Q

Hvað má hver og einn atburður vara lengi í TEMPO?

48
Q

Hvað er ISOTAC?

A

Lines of equal wind speed.

49
Q

Hvaða visibility gefið upp í GAMET og hversu langt nær það?

A

MET visibility under 5000m

50
Q

Gradient wind is stronger/weaker in a high than a low

51
Q

Hvað gerist fyrir RH og water vapor ef þú hitar upp loft Í “KASSA”?

A

RH constant, water vapor increases

52
Q

Gust front er ascending/descending cold/hot air from a Thunderstorm

A

descending cold air from a thunderstorm

53
Q

Hvað mikið í gráðum bakkar vindur um nótt?

54
Q

Hvernig úrkoma er talað um að falli úr Stratus og Supercooled fog?

55
Q

Lýstu tákninu fyrir hail

A

þríhyrningur (bara eins og þríhyrningurinn sem þú setur fyrir aftan bíl sem er bilaður) nema hvítur.

56
Q

TS can occur in a warm front if the cold/warm air is unstable

57
Q

Does a thunderstorm need high temperature to form?

58
Q

Á hvaða breiddargráðu liggur ITCZ á veturna? En sumrin?

A

Vetur: 0-7°N
Sumar: 20°N (Við N Afríku)

59
Q

Where do westerly waves form?

A

Trade wind zone

60
Q

Hvernig veðurfar verður í Evrópu um sumar ef það kemur polar martime loft?

A

showers, good visibility

61
Q

Hvað er Tropical Revolving Storm breiður um sig?

62
Q

Hvernig visibility er í warm sector á sumrin?

63
Q

Hvernig ský eru í warm sector á veturna?

64
Q

Hvernig úrkoma er eftir að cold front hefur farið fram hjá?

65
Q

Hvað gerist fyrir vindátt þegar polar front depression kerfi fer hjá (extensive svar)

A

Vindur veerar í öllu tilvikum nema að UPPER winds eftir cold frontið bakkar.

66
Q

Hvernig er úrkoma í cold air pool og um hvaða tíma dags er mesti hamagangurinn í veðrinu?

A

precipitation, mest í afternoon

67
Q

Vindurinn sem kemur að Madagaskar frá austri er hvernig vindur og í hvaða mánuði?

A

Cyclone, desember

68
Q

Where is the wind the strongest in a polar front jet?

A

Between a trough and a ridge

69
Q

Fyrir hvert hpa er 27 ft við sjávarmál, en hvaða formúlu notar þú til að finna þetta?

A

96 * T / P
T: temperature í K
P: Pressure í hPa

70
Q

A thunderstorm is preceeded by what kind of clouds?

A

Altocumulus Castellanos

71
Q

Hvernig finnur þú hraðann á warm front? Með því að mæla..

A

Distance between isobars on the front ITSELF (ekki warm sector) og segja sinnum 2/3 (66%)

72
Q

Hversu mikið er relative humidity í tropical rain climate?

73
Q

in the southern hemisphere, surface friction causes the geostrophic wind to back/veer?

74
Q

Vindurinn í METAR er meðaltal hversu margra mínútna á undan?

75
Q

Clear ice, hvernig dropastærð er að mynda þetta og gerist það hægt eða hratt?

A

stórir dropar og þetta gerist hægt, alveg sama þótt þetta sé bara on leading edge.

76
Q

What is the mean height of the tropopause at the equator in January?

MET (11 decks)

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