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MET > AE - Themodynamics > Flashcards

AE - Themodynamics Flashcards

1
Q

Stability in an atmospheric layer increases by advection of __- air in the lower part of the layer

A

cold

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2
Q

Hvað gerist fyrir relative humidity ef a parcel of air rises?

A

Kólnar -> RH eykst

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3
Q

Absolutely instable = ___ ELR

A

High

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4
Q

What happens to actual mixing ratio if you lift unsaturated air until it reaches condensation level?

A

Nothing

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5
Q

Þegar efni þéttist, hvort gefur það frá sér eða tekur hita?

A

gefur frá sér latent hita (hitar þá væntanlega umhverfið)

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6
Q

Hvað er aðalatriðið sem þú skoðar ef þú vilt vita hversu stable umhverfið er?

A

ELR

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7
Q

RH ___ if water is cooled and the vapor pressure is ___.

A

constant

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8
Q

An isothermal layer, how is it’s stability?

A

absolutely stable

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9
Q

What is the DALR? How about the SALR?

A

DALR: 3°C SALR: 1.8°C ELR: 2°C

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10
Q

hvað gerist þegar þú descendar through inversion layer?

A

Kemst í kaldara loft = more thrust.

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11
Q

A layer is absolutely unstable if the temperature decrease is _°C/100m or less/more

A

1° or more

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12
Q

Ef airmass er með Lapse rate sem er greater than saturated adiabatic lapse rate but less than dry adiabatic lapse rate þá er sá airmass kallaður..

A

conditionally unstable

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13
Q

Ratio between actual mixing ratio and the saturation mixing ratio is called..

A

Relative humidity

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14
Q

The height of the lifting condensation level is determined by ___ and dew point at the surface.

A

temperature

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15
Q

a moist but unsaturated parcel of air becomes saturated by moving the parcel higher/lower?

A

higher.
Trikkið er að þú þarft að fá kuldann til að að fá fram saturation. Færð hann með því að hækka “hæðina” vegna adiabatic cooling.

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16
Q

The capacity of air to hold water is determined by it’s ____.

A

temperature.

17
Q

Hvað er sublimation?

A

solid fer beint í vapor.

T.d. klaki sem gufar af.

18
Q

Hvað er condensation?

a) gas to liquid
b) gas to solid

A

a) gas to liquid

ef gasið væri að fara beint í solid þá myndi það kallast sublimation.

19
Q

A layer is conditionally unstable if it is ____ for saturated air and ____ for dry air.

A

unstable, stable.

20
Q

If an airmass descends, what happens to it’s relative humidity?

A

decreases, loftið hitnar adiabadicly við lækkunina og þá er rýmra um eindirnar og þær halda meira vatni = minna relative humidity.

21
Q

Hvað er DALR í metrum og fetum?

A

1°C/100m 3°C/1000ft

22
Q

Af hverju kólnar rísandi loft?

A

it expands

23
Q

Hversu mikið er water vapor við pólana?

A

Eiginlega núll.

24
Q

Hvað gerist fyrir relative humdity og dew point í saturated air mass ef það hitnar?

A

Relative humidity minnkar og dew point breytist ekki

25
Q

Hvað gerist fyrir stability ef þú setur cold air in the lower part of the layer?

A

stability eykst

26
Q

Hvaða ratio er þetta? “The number of grammes of water vapour per kilogramme of dry air”

A

mixing ratio

27
Q

Hvaða veðurfyrirbrigði gæti komið með subsidence?

A

Inversion með haze, mist.

28
Q

The maximum amount of water vapour the air can hold depends on the ..

A

air temperature

29
Q

Getur dew point verið hærra en hitastig?

A

Nei, alltaf jafnt eða minna gildi en hitastigið.

30
Q

Hvað er skilgreint sem “Ratio between actual mixing ratio and the saturation mixing ratio * 100”?

A

Relative humidity

31
Q

Hvað gerist fyrir amount of water vapour ef þú minnkar hitastig?

A

Minnkar

32
Q

Satt eða rangt: a layer can be stable for saturated air and unstable for unsaturated air.

A

Rangt. Rétt er: A layer can be stable for unsaturated air and unstable for saturated air.

33
Q

Hvernig satureitar þú moist (en unsaturated) loft?

A

Með því að lyfta því upp í hærri hæð. (loftið expandar adiabatically og kælist að daggarmörkum = verður saturated).

34
Q

By volume, what percentage of air in the lower troposphere consists of water vapour?

A

0-5%

35
Q

Solid beint í vapour kallast..

A

sublimation

36
Q

The maximum amount of water vapour the air can hold depends on it’s ___.

A

temperature.

37
Q

What happens when dew point lapse rate and DALR of a rising air converge?

A

Cloud bases form.

38
Q

If you cool air to it’s dewpoint and then keep cooling it more, the dew point temperature ____.

A

redcues.

MET (11 decks)

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