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JPNS 2209 > Mentality & Society > Flashcards

Mentality & Society Flashcards

1
Q

Mentality

Whats Harmony?

A

Wa
Society places a strong emphasis on maintaining peace and harmony.
Avoid expressing strong opinions and confrontation.

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2
Q

Whats the historical background on Harmony (Wa) ?

A

Yayoi Period : Rice cultivation

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3
Q

Harmony (Wa)

What is “Deru kui wa utareru”

A

The nail that sticks out gets hammered down.

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4
Q

What is Feeling of gratitude?

A

On
The spirit of gratitude and reciprocity

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5
Q

What is the background of Feeling of gratitude (On)?

A
  • buddhist influence
  • to recognize kindness and repay it is the essence of a humane heart, and therein lies the foundation of Buddhist practice.
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6
Q

What are some examples of Feeling of gratitude (on)?

A
  • Student and teacher: A student learns from a teacher, and later, after graduating, shows gratitude by visiting the teacher or expressing thanks when achieving success.
  • Gratitude to parents: After growing up and receiving care and support, a child supports their parents in return, often showing gratitude when they get married or succeed in life.
  • Workplace gratitude: An employee who received career support from a boss works hard to repay that kindness, or shows appreciation after succeeding in their job.
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7
Q

What is Obligation; Duty?

A

Giri
Emphasized fulfilling social obligations and responsibilities.

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8
Q

What is the background of Obligation; Duty (Giri)?

A

Rooted in the samurai code of conduct, Bushido

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9
Q

What are some examples of Obligation; Duty?

A
  • Weddings or other significant events→ It is customary to send gifts or monetary contributions.
  • Giri Chocolates: On Valentine’s Day, it is common to for women to give chocolates to colleagues and friends. The chocolates given out of obligation are called “giri choco.”
  • Attending a farewell party for a co-worker or boss you don’t like very much due to obligation.
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10
Q

What is Modesty; Humility?

A

Kenkyo
Involves being humble and respecting others.

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11
Q

What is the background of Modesty; Humility (Kenkyo)?

A

Zen Buddhism: Self-restraint and respect for others.

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12
Q

Examples of Modesty; Humility (Kenkyo)?

A

In the Workplace: Instead of highlighting personal achievements, praise team’s efforts.
Daily life: When someone compliments you, express gratitude sincerely without overemphasizing your own achievements.

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13
Q

What is Diligence?

A

Kinben
Emphasizes the importance of effort and diligence.

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14
Q

What is the background of Diligence (kinben)?

A

Rooted in the lives of farmers and townspeople during the Edo period.

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15
Q

What are some examples of Diligence (Kinben)?

A

In Schools: A student systematically studies for exams and assignments, putting in the necessary effort without hesitation.

In Workplace: Completing task on time, and taking the initiative to perform additional work or make improvement suggestions. Effort for quality improvement.

In learning new skills or hobbies: Committing to regular practice or study when learning a new skill or pursuing a hobby, aiming for improvement.

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16
Q

What is Manners; Etiquette?

A

Reigi
Emphasizes the importance of manners and respect.

17
Q

What is the background Manners; Etiquette(Reigi)?

A

The Edo Period: Emphasized to maintain family and social order.

18
Q

What are some examples of Manners; Etiquette(Reigi)?

A

Manner lecture

19
Q

What is Inside and Outside?

A

“Uchi to Soto”
Involves distinguishing between internal (family and close friends) and external (people outside the immediate circle and society at large)

20
Q

Inside and Outside

What is Honne and Tatemae?

A

Honne: True feelings, opinions, and thoughts.
Tatemae: The outward behavior and statements made in public or formal settings.

21
Q

Examples of Honne and Tatemae?

A

If someone is invited to a friend’s house and the friend cooks a meal that isn’t very tasty, saying “This is delicious” would be tatemae. This is to respect the friend’s feelings and maintain a pleasant atmosphere. However, the person might actually not find the meal tasty, which is the honne.

22
Q

Education

What is the academic year?

A

April to March
3 semesters

23
Q

Education

Do schools give lunch?

A

Lunch: About 94.3% of schools (elementary & junior high) provide school lunch.

24
Q

Education

What do students do for cleaning?

A

Students are responsible for cleaning their classrooms and other areas of the school

25
Q

Education

Importance of students cleaning?

A

Teaches students the importance of cleanliness, responsibility, and teamwork.

26
Q

What is “club activity” in Japanese?

A

bukatsu

27
Q

Education

What is the significance of bukatsu?

A

Social bonding: friendships, companionship, social interaction
Skill and growth: leadership, cooperation, perseverance, and hard work

28
Q

Education

What are the issues with bukatsu?

A

Long term & daily activity
Overwhelming for both teachers and students
Bullying and Harassment

29
Q

Education

What are the three major examinations?

A

Junior high, high school and university

30
Q

Education

What else do they call extremely competitive exams?

A

Examination Wars

31
Q

Education

What is cram school?

A

Students attend to supplement their school studies and prepare for entrance examinations.

32
Q

What are the issues with cram school?

A
  • Excessive Competition and Stress
  • Mismatched Choices: Often choose schools based on their marks rather than the genuine interest.　（Schools try to send students to good schools in order to gain their own reputation.）
  • Educational Disparities
  • Cramming Education
33
Q

Education

Examples of general school rules

A
  • certain skirt lengths
  • no piercings
  • no died hair
  • no eyebrow trimming
  • no two block haircut
  • no hair longer than the ear (men)
  • Black or brown elastics
  • medium to long length hair (women)
34
Q

Education

What are some unreasonable school rules examples? (Black school rules)

A
  • Change the original hair colour to black hair
  • Should not drink water during classes
  • Wear underwear of the color specified by the school. (teachers sometimes check)
35
Q

Education

What is “bullying” in Japanese?

A

Ijime

36
Q

Education

By what percentage did bullying increase compared to the previous year?”

A

10% (highest ever recorded in 2022)

37
Q

Education

What is Ijime?

A

Bullying, Ijime: Ijime is an act by a student, or students, toward another student that inflicts some physical or psychological consequence causing the receiving child mental or physical suffering.

38
Q

Education

What are the schools’ response to Ijime?

A
  • Ijime prevention methods promotion law (2013)
  • hotlines to call for help or support
  • however “Nothing has changed in the children’s environment” by a father of a victim.
39
Q
A

JPNS 2209 (6 decks)

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