Mental Health d.o

Question 1

Why is lifespan important in Mental Health?

Answer 1

• prevention
• age tailored rx
• better prog. with early intervention

Question 2

How many years does a bipolar d.o pt lose?

Answer 2

9- 20 years

Question 3

How many years does a schizo pt and a reccurrent depression pt lose?

Answer 3

SCHIZO: 10-20 years

Recurrent Depression: 7-11 years

Question 4

Most amount of years lost with _______

Answer 4

DRUG AND ALCOHOL abuse (at 7-11 years)

Question 5

Why are illnesses often dx much late on? (3)

Answer 5

• early signs are vague
• symptoms can be FLEETING and shortlived in childhood
• hx only becomes clear RETROSPECTIVELY
• recall bias tends to MISATTRIBUTE presentation

Question 6

What makes it difficult to dx individuals in extreme age groups with schizophrenia? (4)

Answer 6

• youngs: use of THC cannabis may INDUCE PSYCHOSES

- in elderly: increasing rate of DEMENTIA and a/w psychosis

Question 7

At what age do 50% of depressed patients claim to have their 1st depressive episode?

Answer 7

before the age of 20

Question 8

Who is more predisposed to depression in their adolescence?

Answer 8

• females

Question 9

What are risk factors of depression in the elderly? (2)

Answer 9

• physical illness and LONELINESS

Question 10

What is a barrier to accessing services in the elderly?

Answer 10

• pride and stigma `

Question 11

What is the avg. age of BD TYPE 1?

Answer 11

• 25 years

Question 12

When are personality d.os usually diagnosed?

Answer 12

after 18 y.o

Question 13

Why is BAD rarely diagnosed in adolescence?

Answer 13

• because mood is LABILE

- fear of medicalizing normal adolescence

Question 14

What is the issue with new onset BAP in old age?

Answer 14

• a/w NEGATIVE outcomes
• cognitive deficits
• increased SUICIDE risk
• overall mortality

Question 15

Which behavioural d.o in childhood is HIGHLY a/w criminality, substance misuse and antisocial behaviour?

Answer 15

Conductive behaviour

- usually dx over 12 y.o

Question 16

How to recognise Conductive disorder?

Answer 16

• aggression to animals/people
• lying/stealing
• destroys property

Question 17

How to manage a kid with CD?

Answer 17

• parental intervention and social interventions

- medication is rarely given, unless SEVERE

Question 18

Who is more affected in ASD?

Answer 18

• MALES! ( a M:F of 4:1 )

- 1 in 100-200 kids

Question 19

Is treatment required?

Answer 19

• through education and social interventions

- only to treat main comorbidities (DEPRESSION, ANXIETY, PSYCHOSIS)

Question 20

What is controversial about ADHD?

How common is ADHD?

Answer 20

• excuse for “bad parenting”

- seen in 4-5% of kids

Question 21

WHat is S.A.D?

Answer 21

• known as Separation Anxiety Disorder
• –NORMAL from 7 months to PRE-school

—-marked increase in social anxiety and perfectionism during adolescence

Question 22

What attachment d.os manifest as a result of MALTREATMENT and ABUSE in childhood?

Answer 22

• PTSD (anger and avoidance)
• general irritability and anxiety
• oppositional behaviours
• Quasi psychotic symptoms

Question 23

How different is it in managing disorders among children and adults? (4)

Answer 23

• young kids lack VERBAL abilities to talk about emotions
• kids: less INSIGHT into difficulties
• medications are commonly
  UNLICENSED for under 16s and reduced compliance
• kids have less predicable medication resp.

Question 24

Define Puerperium.

Answer 24

• period of 6 weeks after childbirth, when the female organs return to their non-pregnant position

Question 25

What is the puerperium period known for?

Answer 25

• period of INCREASED risk of NEW mental illness and RELAPSE of existing illness

Question 26

Why is mental illness so close knitted to puerperium?

Answer 26

• loss of independence
• hormonal changes
• unremitting demands
• chronic LOSS of SLEEP
• may have stopped psychotropic meds

Question 27

What is Puerperal Psychosis?

Answer 27

• acute, SUDDEN onset of psychotic symptoms (MANIC symptoms - disinhibition, confusion)
• Psychiatric EMERGENCY

Question 28

How common is Puerperal Psychosis?

Answer 28

• about 1 in 1000 births
  (presents between 2-4 wks postpartum)
• 50% DO NOT have MENTAL illness

Question 29

What increases the risk of puerperal psychosis?

Answer 29

• previous thyroid d.o
• family hx
• being unmarried
• first pregn.
• c-section
• perinatal death

Question 30

How is post depression different?

Answer 30

• 1 in 10 women
• the SAME as full-on depression; (NOT postnatal blues)
• onset 1-4 weeks postpartum

Question 31

What are the risk factors of postnatal depression?

Answer 31

• family/personal hx of DEPRESSION/anxiety
• traumatic birth
• relationship diff.
• hx of abuse/trauma
• lack of support
• financial diff.

Question 32

What are the most common types of dementia?

Answer 32

75% of dementias: AD
17%: vascular dementia
13%- others

Question 33

How is delirium different?

Answer 33

• also affects an AGEING brain
• ACUTE onset
• last for HOURS to weeks
• fluctuates (worse at night)
• attention is decreased/hyperalert

Question 34

What is Pseudo-dementia?

Answer 34

• fluctuating LOSS of memory/ vagueness
• good insight into LOSS of memory
• slowing of MOVEMENT and slowed speech
• depressed mood
• frequent “i don’t know” answers

no progression

Question 35

When does late onset depression occur?

Answer 35

• occurs for the first time LATER on in life

- 2% in 65+ y.o

Question 36

What are risk factors of Late onset of depression?

Answer 36

• genetic susceptibility
• life events
• social factors
• poor physical health

Question 37

What is functional hallucination?

Answer 37

• this only occurs when there is a SPECIFIC external stimulus; the hallucination occurs simultaneously