Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSYCHIATRY > ASD > Flashcards

ASD Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 5 diff. disorders under ASD?

A
  • Asperge’s $
  • Rett’s $
  • Childhood Autism
  • Pervasive Developm/ Disorder
  • pervasive develop. disorder NOS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is common in the ASD d.os?

A
  • the difficulties in SOCIAL interaction and social COMMUNICATION
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the CORE fts of AUTISM?

A
  • impaired social interaxn
  • impaired COMM.
  • restricted interests
  • —-in the middle (non social skills/ repetitive behaviour)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do autistic individuals struggle with in Language?

A
  • good language
  • can’t GRASP ABSTRACT conversations/concepts
  • monotonous
  • pedantic
  • KNOWS everything about one topic
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do they struggle with in social interaction?

A
  • can’t pick up on NON-VERBAL cues
  • appears self-focused; when actually trying to figure out social situation
  • struggles with personal/social interaxns
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Comment about the social imagination of the Autistic individuals.

A
  • diff. in thinking in abstract ways
  • takes things LITERALLY
  • can’t think about their future
  • can;t apply skills across diff. settings (saying thank you at diff. cashcounters)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What form of repetitive behaviours exist?

A
  • repetitive MOTOR movements
  • fixated interests
    (abnormal intensity of focus—-interest in a NARROW topic)
  • HYPER- or HYPO-reactivity to sensory input
  • ritualised behaviour
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which gender group is predisposed? Why?

A

Males

5: 1
- -some relation to TESTOSTERONE levels —-sex hormones receptors are widely DISTRIBUTED in the brain; therefore influences neural signaling
- girls with CAH (exposed to high testosterone)—show more traits of ASD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How heritable is ASD?

A
  • 30% of siblings with BROADER autism phenotype
  • 90% in MZ twins
  • 30-90% heretability
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What medical conditions predisposes one to ASD?

A
  • Rubella in the pregnant mother
  • Tuberous Sclerosis
  • Fragile X $
  • Encephalitis
  • Untreated Phenylketonuria
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which parts of the brain is pathological in Autism?

A
  • amygdala

- cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What occurs as a result of increased size of the AMYGDALA?

A
  • ANXIETY, social and communication skills become MORE pronounced
  • in boys the amygdala is said to increase by 13-16%
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What NTs are implicated in AUTISM?

A

glutamate —neuronal dmage with disreg.
GABA
Serotonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How to dx Autism in children?

A
  • lack interest in other children
  • can’t initiate and sustain friendships
  • gravitate to YOUNGER or OLDERR children
  • Lang. problems (repeat words/phrases spoken to others….can’t maintain eye contact)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

DDx of AUTISM in ADULTS?

A
  • SOCIAL ANXIETY d.o
  • —same lack of eye contact
  • –avoids social contact
  • —few friendships
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What emotional co-morbidities exist with ASD?

A
  • depression and anxiety (40-60%)

- eating disorders (20%)

17
Q

How must of an affect does ASD have on IQ?

A
  • 70% of children have non verbal IQ <70

- 35% have non-verbal IQ <50

18
Q

When is medication prescribed for Autism?

A
  • managing AGGRESSION and SELF-INJURY (Risperidone)
19
Q

How come gender has a play in the predisposition to autism?

A
  • Sex hormones play a role in the organisation of BRAIN circuits during EARLY developm.
  • sex hormone receptors are WIDELY distributed in the brain
20
Q

What is the extent of heretidability when born to an autistic parent? And in MZ twins?

A

35%-90%

—->90%

21
Q

Briefly outline the areas said to cause social impairment.

A
  • frontal cortex incl: Orbitofrontal Cortex, Poster. parietal cortex
22
Q

Which NTs are said to be implicated in ASD?

A
  • serotonin and GABA (important for Neurodevelopment)

- Glutamate

23
Q

How different does an ASD patient take in sensory input?

A

—OVERLY sensitive to NOISE (magnified, distorted), TASTE (some OVERPOWERING) , SOUND, touch (poor depth perception)

24
Q

How is SIGHT perception affected in an ASD pt?

A
  • clumsiness and trouble with CATCHING or THROWING items

- difficulty getting sleep d/t sensitivity to light

25
Q

What 3 pointers are essential for the dx of ASD?

A
  1. symptoms must be present EARLY on
  2. symptoms CAUSE significant SOCIAL impairment, occupational impairment
  3. disturbances are not better explained by other disabilities
26
Q

What are the diff. dx criterias available for ASD?

A
  • assessment tool: ADOS

- screening questionnaires: DISCO, 3di

27
Q

What neurodevelopmental disorders co-exist?

A
  1. ADHD
  2. Dyslexia
  3. Language impairment
  4. OCD
  5. Gilles de la Tourette
  6. Dyspraxia and sensory processing disorder
28
Q

What medical disorder may co-occur with ASD?

A
  • seizures z
  • Tuberous sclerosis
  • Fragile X $
  • hearing and VISUAL impairments
29
Q

How to manage ASD pts non-pharmacologically?

A
  • self and FAMILY psychoeducation
  • family and school based supports
  • Diet (esp. for refined sugar, food additives)
30
Q

Any pharmacological treatments for Autism?

A
  • NO
  • rx of co-morbities
  • –severe autism: LD mood stabilizers
31
Q

What is a blood-based social biomarker for SOCIAL functioning?

A

OXYTOCIN

PSYCHIATRY (32 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions