Mental Health Adults Flashcards
Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders
Occupational therapy interventions
Psychosocial therapies, including coping, _____ management, and social skills training
Cognitive-based interventions geared toward increasing client’s _________ and control of life
stress
motivation
Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders
Occupational therapy interventions
Illness management and recovery, including ______ and individual programs
Assertive community treatment to provide support and skills training in natural environments
Family psychoeducation
Supported employment
Integrated dual diagnosis treatment for co-occurring mental illness and substance abuse
group
Depressive Disorders (Depression) and Bipolar and Related Disorders
Occupational therapy interventions
________–________ therapy to uncover distorted beliefs and faulty thinking patterns
Interpersonal psychotherapy to improve interpersonal and psychosocial functioning
CBT
Depressive Disorders (Depression) and Bipolar and Related Disorders Pharmacological intervention
Depressive disorders
Selective ________ reuptake inhibitors: citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline
Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors: duloxetine, venlafaxine
Antidepressants: bupropion, mirtazapine
Bipolar and related disorders
Mood stabilizers: lithium carbonate
Anticonvulsants: carbamazepine, divalproex sodium, gabapentin
Other interventions
Electroconvulsive therapy, a controversial treatment with cognitive side effects
serotonin
Anxiety Disorders OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE AND RELATED DISORDERS; AND TRAUMA AND STRESS-RELATED DISORDERS
Occupational therapy interventions
________–_________ training to enable clients to approach situations that cause anxiety, understand the fear cycle, and challenge distorted cognitions related to fear
Relaxation therapy, including breathing, meditation, visualization, and progressive muscle relaxation
Expressive writing to help the client understand and accept the occurrence of stressors
CBT
Anxiety Disorders OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE AND RELATED DISORDERS; AND TRAUMA AND STRESS-RELATED DISORDERS
Pharmacological treatment
Benzo______: alprazolam, lorazepam
Selective _________ reuptake inhibitors: fluoxetine, paroxetine, fluvoxamine, sertraline, citalopram
Tricyclic antidepressants
diazepines
serotonin
Feeding and Eating Disorders
Occupational therapy intervention
General principles: physical harm ________, cognitive reconstruction, psychosocial functional enablement
Specific interventions Menu planning and \_\_\_\_\_ preparation Lifestyle redesign and independent living skills training Communication and assertiveness training Stress management Projective artwork and use of crafts Relapse prevention Body image improvement
reduction
meal
Personality Disorders
Occupational therapy interventions
Development and maintenance of collaborative __________
Consistency during treatment
Validation of the client’s feelings
Development and maintenance of motivation for change
Mood stabilization and expression of appropriate emotions
Promotion of increased self-concept, self-esteem, insight, and judgment
Development of interpersonal relationships
relationships
Task-oriented groups focus on the process of _________ something (as a group), such as a picnic lunch or a clinic newsletter: “Task as it relate[s] to such groups is defined as any activity or process directed toward creating or producing an end product or demonstrable service for the group as a whole and/or for people outside of the group. . . . The intent of the task-oriented group is to provide a ______ working experience wherein the relationship between feeling, thinking, and behavior; group members’ impact on others and on task accomplishment; and group members’ productivity can be viewed and explored” (Fidler, 1969, pp. 43–48). In task-oriented groups, feedback is immediate because problems confronted in the group are addressed when they happen.
producing
sharing
Activity groups focus on function and “replicate living in the _________ or family”, with an emphasis on direct experience and the use of activity to develop skills.
community
If participants have low cognitive abilities, the occupational therapy practitioner’s leadership style should be more ________—that is, he or she provides more directions and structure and is more prescriptive in directing the way group activities unfold (Cole, 2012).
If the group demonstrates fair to good insight and motivation, the practitioner’s leadership style should be __________—that is, he or she allows participants to take responsibility for some group activities while maintaining control over goals and decision making.
If the group is mature (i.e., able to work together effectively in resolving conflicts) and has high verbal abilities, the practitioner’s leadership style is ______—that is, he or she works alongside the group participants in a coaching capacity. Advisory leadership enables group members to perform at their highest capacity (Cole, 2012).
directive
facilitative
advisory
Psychodynamic groups allow participants to explore the symbolic meaning of activities and group process. These groups can focus, for example, on _______ control or self-expression.
A leader of a psychodynamic group may select activities using projective media, such as clay, magazine collages, painting, and poetry.
impulse
Groups formulated using _______-–behavioral approaches focus on the following principles:
Shaping: Approximations of a desired behavior are reinforced or rewarded to facilitate the acquisition of the behavior.
Chaining: One step in a sequence is learned and sparks the next step until all of the steps are learned.
Reinforcement: Positive feedback about a desired behavior serves to increase that behavior.
Practice: Repetition of behaviors often is necessary to improve, for example, range of motion, strength, and endurance.
cognitive
__________ group approaches allow participants to engage in group activities structured to present the “just-right” challenge for their developmental level.
Developmental
A COTA® is leading a group for clients who have depression and are unable to initiate tasks or make choices about what to do. Which leadership style would be MOST effective with this group?
Directive
Facilitative
Advisory
Co-leadership
Directive
It is common for disagreements to occur during the _______ phase. Setting up roadblocks and questioning the task at hand are normal during this stage.
storming
_________ is the curative factor gained from other members’ sharing of similar feelings, thoughts, and problems.
________ is when members feel a boost in self-concept from extending help to others.
_________ is the release of strong feelings about previous or present experiences.
__________ is the feeling of trust and togetherness in a group.
Universality
Altruism
Catharsis
Cohesion
- Forming: Participants become acquainted with one another and familiarize themselves with the task.
- ________: Participants challenge one another and the leader.
- Norming: Participants develop trust in one another and the leader and avoid conflict as they focus on the task at hand.
- __________: Participants work together as a cohesive unit. Conflict may be present, but it is effectively resolved.
- Reforming or transforming: The major task is to review group history and make changes as needed. Participants reflect on their history, evaluate what went well and what caused problems, and adjust themselves as a group in response to this review; for example, participants may choose to change the way decisions are made if their current method has proven too stressful to the group.
Storming
Performing
Understanding how the environment can be adapted, modified, and restored to enable effective performance
This approach is based on the _______ of Human Performance model.
Ecology
Understanding the client’s dimensions of occupational participation and performance
This approach is based on Model of __________
_________ (MOHO)
Human Occupation
Understanding the interaction between the client’s perceived level of task mastery and the demands of the environment
This approach is based on occupational _________ theory.
adaptation
These 2 leadership styles are best with groups that are in development and with clients with moderate motivation and cognition.
facilitative and cooperative leadership styles
Guided imagery is a type of mindfulness technique that encourages _________. It is an evidence-based strategy that has been found to be effective with people with _____-related disorders. The technique allows clients to practice skills in a situation with less pressure than might be encountered in a real situation, which gives them the ability to approach the real-life situation with less anticipatory stress and strategies to cope with stress as it arises.
relaxation
stress
The _________ model puts the focus of control on the members. When designing groups, the members formulate the goals, and the COTA®, in collaboration with the OTR®, acts as an advisor.
clubhouse
Occupational therapy in the criminal justice system focuses primarily on __________ reentry.
community
A precaution for taking MAOI’s is ________ restrictions
dietary
Nardil is an _______.
MAOI
