Mental Health/Addiction Flashcards
False distortion in perception
Hallucinations
Rigid, false beliefs that aren’t reality based
Delusions
Distorted perception of actual sights, sounds, and other stimuli
Illusions
Non-sensical, illogical thought patterns manifested in both oral and written, loose associations/word salad
Disorganized thinking
Positive symptoms of schizophrenia
- Adds to normal experiences
- Delusions
- Hallucinations
- Abnormal movements
- Formal thought disorder
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia
- Diminished affects and behaviors
- Flat/blunted affect
- Thought blocking
- Avolition
- Poverty of speech
- Social withdrawal
Cognitive symptoms of schizophrenia
- Memory deficits
- Attention deficits
- Language difficulties
- Loss of executive function
Typical antipsychotics (1st gen)
- Haloperidol (Haldol)
- Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)
What do typical antipsychotics treat in schizophrenia
- Positive symptoms
- Psychosis with agitation
Side effects of typical antipsychotics
- Abnormal movements (Tardive dyskinesia)
- Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)
Nursing role in typical antipsychotics
Monitor for side effects
Atypical antipsychotics (2nd gen)
- Clozapine (Clozaril)
- Olanzapine (Zyprexa)
- Risperidone (Risperdal)
- Ziprasidone (Geodon)
- Quetiapine (Seroquel)
Nursing role in Clozapine
Monitor WBC
Nursing role in Risperidone
Monitor for gynecomastia
Nursing role in Ziprasidone
Monitor for prolonged QT interval and arrythmias
What do atypical antipsychotics treat
Positive and negative symptoms
Anticholinergic symptoms of antipsychotics
- Dry mouth
- Sedation
- constipation
- Postural hypotension
- Urinary retention
Binge drinking for men
5 or more drinks on a single occasion
Binge drinking in women
4 or more drinks on a single occasion
Heavy drinking for men
15 drinks or more/week
Heavy drinking for women
8 drinks or more/week
Short term effects of alcohol abuse
- Increased risk of injury from car accidents, falls, firearms, assaults, drowning, burns
Long term effects of alcohol abuse (7)
- HTN
- Heart disease
- Stroke
- Cirrhosis
- Pancreatitis
- Vitamin deficiencies
- Malnutrition
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AUW)
Happens due to abrupt cessation of alcohol
When does AUW happen
- 6-8 hours after last drink
- Peaks at 24 hours
Delirium tremens (DT)
- Occurs 3-5 days after last drink
- Can appear as late as 14 days
Delirium tremens symptoms (4)
- Disorientation
- Hallucinations
- Increased hyperactivity
- Seizures
S/S of AUW (8)
- Agitation
- Anxiety
- Increased hr, BP
- Sweating
- Nausea
- Tremors
- Insomnia
- Hyperactivity
Benzos do what during AUW
Prevent seizures, delirium
Beta 1 blockers/a2 agonists to treat what during AUW
Stabilize vitals, decrease autonomic nervous system stimulation
