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N477 > Burns > Flashcards

Burns Flashcards

1
Q

Layers of the skin

A

Epidermis –> Dermis –> SubQ

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2
Q

Outer most layer, melanin

A

Epidermis

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3
Q

2nd layer, contains blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels, hair follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous

A

Dermis

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4
Q

Cushions body, insulation

A

SubQ (fatty tissue)

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5
Q
  • Inner zone with the greatest amount of damage
  • Irreversibly damaged cells that become necrotic from the direct injury
A

Coagulation zone

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6
Q
  • Medial zone that may recover
  • Damage to microcirculation
  • Clotting and vasoconstriction causing cells to be ischemic
A

Stasis/ischemia zone

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7
Q
  • Outer zone, unburned area
  • Increased tissue perfusion d/t local inflammatory mediator released
  • Blanches on pressure
  • Will heal
A

Hyperemia zone

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8
Q

Results from fluid shifts into the tissues

A

Hyponatremia

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9
Q

Increases in blood as it moves out of damaged cells and into the bloodstream

A

Hyperkalemia

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10
Q

What part of the skin is damaged in 1st degree/superficial burns?

A

Epidermal layer

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11
Q

What does a superficial burn look like?

A
  • Pink, red areas
  • Mild edema
  • No blisters
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12
Q

What sensation does a superficial burn have?

A
  • Pain, tender
  • Sensitive to heat
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13
Q

How long does it take for a superficial burn to heal?

A

3-6 days

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14
Q

What is the treatment for superficial burns?

A

OTC topical lotion with no dressings

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15
Q

What part of the skin is damaged in 2nd degree/partial thickness burns?

A

Entire epidermis and parts of the dermis

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16
Q

How does a 2nd degree/partial thickness burn look? (5)

A
  • Blisters
  • Pink to red
  • Weeping
  • Blanches with pressure
  • Mild to moderate edema
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17
Q

How does a 2nd degree/partial thickness feel like?

A

Pain to temperature and air

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18
Q

How long does it take for a 2nd degree/partial thickness burn to heal?

A

3 weeks

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19
Q

What is the treatment for 2nd degree/partial thickness burns?

A

Cleaned with topical antibiotic

20
Q

What parts of the skin are damaged in 2nd degree/deep partial thickness burns?

A

Entire epidermis and deep into the dermis

21
Q

How does a 2nd degree/deep partial thickness burn look like?(4)

A
  • Wet/waxy dry
  • Patchy red to white
  • No blanching to pressure
  • Moderate edema
22
Q

What does a 2nd degree/deep partial thickness burn feel like?

A
  • Painful
  • Sensitive to touch
23
Q

How long does it take for a 2nd degree/deep partial thickness burn take to heal

A

2-6 weeks

24
Q

What part of the skin is damaged in 3rd degree/full thickness burns?

A

Entire epidermis and dermis and extending to subq fat

25
Q

What does a 3rd degree/full thickness burn look like? (4)

A
  • Various colors - waxy white, deep red, yellow, brown
  • Dry, leathery, charred
  • No blanching with pressure
  • Severe edema
26
Q

What does a 3rd degree/full thickness burn feel like?

A

No pain or pain to deep pressure d/t nerve endings destroyed

27
Q

How long does it take for 3rd degree/full thickness burns to heal?

A

weeks to months

28
Q

What parts of the skin are damaged in 4th degree/deep full thickness burns?

A

All layers and extending into muscle, bone, and tendons

29
Q

What does a 4th degree/deep full thickness burns look like?(3)

A
  • Blackened, charred
  • Dry, leathery eschar
  • No edema
30
Q

What does a 4th degree/deep full thickness burn feel like?

A

No pain

31
Q

What is the time frame for the emergent phase of burn care?

A

Time of injury to 24-72 hours

32
Q

What is the time frame for acute phase?

A

36-48 hours after fluid shift resolves and ending with wound closure

33
Q

What is the time frame for the rehabilitative phase?

A

Begins with most burned areas healed and ends with the highest level of functioning

34
Q

What is the fluid restoration protocol for burns?

A

1/2 the amount of fluids in 1st 8 hours and then the other half over the next 16 hours

35
Q

Hgb levels in burns

A

Increased

36
Q

Hct levels in burns

A

Increased

37
Q

BUN levels in burns

A

Increased

38
Q

Glucose levels in burns

A

Increased

39
Q

Na levels in burns

A

Decreased

40
Q

K levels in burns

A

Increased

41
Q

Total protein levels in burns

A

Decreased

42
Q

Albumin levels in burns

A

Decreased

43
Q

pH levels

A

Low metabolic acidosis

44
Q

PaO2 levels in burns

A

Slightly decreased

45
Q

PaCO2 levels in burns

A

Slightly increased

46
Q

Carboxyhemoglobin in burns

A

Elevated >10%

N477 (13 decks)

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