Mental health

Question 1

How soon after the last drink can alcohol withdrawal begin?

Answer 1

As soon as 6 hours after their last drink.

Question 2

What is the assessment used in NZ to assess alcohol withdrawal symptoms?

Answer 2

CIWA-AR

Question 3

What vitamin are people with alcohol withdrawal normally deficient in?

Answer 3

Thiamine

Question 4

Why do people with alcohol withdrawal usually have a thiamine deficiency as well?

Answer 4

Heavy alcohol use causes inflammation of the stomach lining and digestive tract, which reduces the body’s ability to absorb vitamins. People will also often drink rather than eat and do not get enough vitamins such as thiamine.

Question 5

What can a thiamine deficiency lead to?

Answer 5

Wernicke’s encephalopathy

Question 6

What disorders do anxiolytics treat?

Answer 6

Severe anxiety, insomnia, withdrawal from alcohol and epilepsy.

Question 7

What is one side effect of sympatholytics?
a. tachycardia
b. hypotension
c. hypersalivation
d. dilated pupils

Answer 7

Hypotension - by blocking the effects of the SNS, cardiac output and peripheral resistance are likely to lower BP.

Question 8

What is seperation anxiety?

Answer 8

Excessive fear or anxiety concerning the seperation from home or attachment figures. It is most likely seen in children, and exceeds the expected anxiety level appropriate for clients.

Question 9

What are the characteristics of social anxiety?

Answer 9

The fear / anxiety around being scrutinised in social interactions / situations. The cognitive ideation is of being negatively evaluated by others by being embarrassed, rejected or offending others.

Question 10

What are some side effects benzodiazepines?

Answer 10

Sedation, dependence, dizziness, nausea.

Question 11

What medication for anxiety was not listed on the table?

Answer 11

Busiprone, usually taken 3x a day, has side effects of drowsiness and dizziness.

Question 12

What is selective mutism?

Answer 12

A consistent failure to speak in social situations where there is an expectation to speak. Can negatively impact occupational or academic opportunities and impair social communication.

Question 13

What is panic disorder?

Answer 13

Recurrent,, unexpected panic attacks and the consequential persistent worry of future panic attacks. Results in avoidance behaviours.

Question 14

What are the symptoms of a panic attack?

Answer 14

Heart palpitations and pounding HR, sweating (diaphoresis), shaking, trembling, sensations, choking, SOB, chest pain, dizziness, faint,

Question 15

What is agoraphobia?

Answer 15

Avoidance of situations where incapacitation or embarrasment might occur and escaping / help may be difficult.

Question 16

Briefly explain the specific phobia disorder.

Answer 16

This is the marked fear or anxiety of a specific object or situation. This ojbect situation triggers 0-100 anxiety.

Question 17

What is anxiety?

Answer 17

Most commonly diagnosed disorder. Excessive worrying for at least 6 months. No panic, can be free in floating. No rest, constant worry and can cause fatigue.

Question 18

What paranaesthesia?

Answer 18

Numbness or tingling.

Question 19

What is hyperchondria?

Answer 19

Excess worrying about their health. Can be undiagnosed medical problems or worrying about the future.

Question 20

List some therapeutic techniques to respond to a PT with anxiety.

Answer 20

Introduce yourself, paraphrasing (validation).
Acknowledge the impact, address concerns.
Link symptoms to anxiety rather than feelings, providing education and having an open body language.

Question 21

What are three examples of Benzodiazepines?

Answer 21

Lorazepam
Diazepam
Temazeapm
Clonazepam.