Menstrual Cycle Flashcards
PUBERTY
Definition: time when the reproductive organs become fully functional and secondary sex characteristics develop.
* Breast changes ( female) /voice changes (male)
* Body contour changes
* Body hair/skeletal growth/ 10lbweight gain
Secondary sex characteristics: those changes NOT related to reproduction (breast development, pubic hair).
You need skeletal growth and 10lb weight gain to start puberty and your
girls will have a earlier growth sprut and complete more quickly (BEGINS 6 mos - 1 year earlier in female)
Females: 8-13 yr
Males: 9 1/2 - 14 yr
MALES PUBERTY
Nocturnal emissions are normal
man’s testes must be cooler than core body temp
SEMINAL FLUID is secreted by seminal vesical, prostate, and bulbourethral glands nourish and protects sperm, enhances motiliy, and ensure that most sperm is depsoited in the vagina
THREE THINGS NEED TO HAPPEN
In order to know when menses is about to start
AXILLARY-> PUBIC->BREAST BUD
Its apart of the biofeedback system
**WHAT IS THE NORMAL SHAPE OF A UTERUS **
PEAR SHAPE
FEMALE INTERAL STRUCTURES
Uterine Wall
* Endometrium
* Myometrium
* Peritoneum (partial)
Uterine tubes (fallopian tubes)
* Attach to uterine fundus
* Divided into 4 sections
Ovaries
* Ovulation
* Hormone production
BONY PELVIS
BROKEN UP IN TWO PARTS
Protects pelvic structure, accommodate the fetus growth, anchor the support structure
TRUE: plays important part of childbirth
FALSE: protecting internal organd
MENARCHE
A girls first menses
Avg 12-13yr or maybe 8-18 yrs
MENSTRUAL CYCLE
avg 28 dys, 5 dy length, avg 50 ml (20 -80 ml)
OVARIAN
3 PHASES, what happens within the ovaries ( hormonal changes)
Prepares body for ovulation
OVULATION: MID-CYCLE ALWAYS 14 B/4 BLEEDING
FOLLICULAR PHASE
Follicles grows and forms mature eggs
* inconsistent length of time b/c of follicular development
Initated by the hypothalamus (GnRH stimulates Anterior P.)
* Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
>stimulates development of ovarian graafian folli-
cles and their production of estrogen
* Lutenizing hormone (LH)
>peaks at about day 13 or 14 of a 28-day cycle.
>precede the expulsion of the ovum
Cycle 1- 13 dys
FSH and estrogen are first high, then estrogen drops which start the GnRH to stimulate the LH and that surges to start ovulation phase
OVULATION PHASE
SURGE OF LH realeases mature ovum dy 14 of 28
Estrogen drops
ovum only lives for 12-24 hours
day 14
LUTEAL PHASE
Begins with ovulation and ends with menstrations
PROGESTERONE levels are higher than estrogen
follicle ruptures, release the egg and closes to form a corpus luteum
IF implantions does not occur progesteron and estrogen level drops and menstrations occurs
dy 15- 28
if implantions does occur, the corpus luteum with stay temporay unitl placenta forms within 8wks
Menstrual Phase
shedding of the functional two thirds of the endometrium
initiated by periodic
vasoconstriction in the upper layers of the endometrium.
PROLIFERATION PHASE
follicular
ESTROGEN
a period of rapid growth lasting
from about the fifth day to the time of ovulation (SURGE IN LH)
SECRETORY PHASE
Luteal
Follows ovulation, lasts about 3 days before the next menses
PROGESTERONE thickens the endometrium layer
Estrogen drops and progesterone dominates
