Menopause Flashcards
1
Q
Definition of menopause?
A
Permanent cessation of menstruation resulting from loss of ovarian follicular activity occurring after 12mths of amenorrhoea >50 yrs
2
Q
What age is premature menopause?
A
< than 40 years of age (premature ovarian failure)
3
Q
Causes of premature menopause?
A
Idiopathic
Iatrogenic
Surgical menopause secondary to bilateral oophorectomy Chromosomal i.e Turner's Syndrome Autoimmune. Ovarian dysgenesis Chemotherapy Metabolic diseases Drugs i.e goserelin
4
Q
Investigations and results for premature menopause?
A
↑ FSH + ↑ LH
↓ AMH
Transvaginal ultrasound scan? –> Look at AFC?
5
Q
SSx for menopause?
A
- Hot flushes
- Night sweats
- Palpitations
- Headaches
- Irritability
- Loss of libido
- Loss of orgasms
- Loss of sexual arousal
- Forgetfulness
- Emotionally labile
- Tiredness
- Dyspareunia, burning, itching (vaginal atrophy)
- Nocturia, frequency, dysuria
- Irregular periods
6
Q
Treatment for menopause?
A
Uterus present: Combined HRT
Uterus not present: Oestrogen-only HRT
If only symptoms of incontinence: use topical
7
Q
Alternatives to HRT?
A
SSRI i.e fluoxetine, Venlafaxine
Vaginal lubricants for vagina atrophy
