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A&P1 Test 3 CNS > Meninges/CSF/Ventricles > Flashcards

Meninges/CSF/Ventricles Flashcards

1
Q

What are the major parts of the brain

A
  1. Brain stem
  2. Cerebellum
  3. Diencephalon
  4. Cerebrum
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2
Q

What are the 3 meninges from superficial to deep

A
  1. Dura mater
  2. Arachnoid mater
  3. Pia mater
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3
Q

True or False the meninges of the brain are continuous w/ spinal cord meninges

A

True

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4
Q

What is the space between the pia matter and the arachnoid mater

A

sub-arachnoid space

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5
Q

What is the difference between the cranial dura mater and the spinal dura mater.

A

Cranial dura mater=2 layers

Spinal dura mater=1 layer

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6
Q

What are the 2 cranial dura mater layers

A
  1. External periosteal layer=formed by periosteum covering the internal surface of the cranium
  2. Internal meningeal layer = layer that is continuous w dura mater of the spinal cord
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7
Q

What are the dural venous sinuses

A

An area where the external periosteal layer and the internal meningeal layer of the cranial dura mater are not fused allowing blood to drain from the brain into the internal jugular

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8
Q

What is the Falx cerebri

A

extension of the dura mater that separates the 2 hemispheres of the cerebrum

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9
Q

What is the Falx cerebelli

A

extension of the dura mater that separates the 2 hemispheres of the cerebellum

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10
Q

What is the Tentorium cerebelli

A

extension of the dura mater that separates cerebrum and cerebellum

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11
Q

What can disrupt the blood brain barrier

A

trauma, certain toxins and inflammation

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12
Q

What area of the brain lack a blood brain barrier

A

pineal gland, pituitary gland, hypothalamus, area postrema

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13
Q

What forms the blood brain barrier

A

tight junction of brain capillaries and astrocyte foot processes

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14
Q

What substances cross the blood brain barrier easy

A

Lipids and lipid soluble substances, O2, CO2, EtOH and anesthetic agents cross

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15
Q

What substances cross the blood brain barrier via active transport

A

Glucose and some other water soluble substances

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16
Q

What substances cross the blood brain barrier slowly

A

creatinine, urea, and most ions

17
Q

What substances do NOT cross the blood brain barrier easy

A

proteins and most Abx

18
Q

What is the function of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

A
  • Protect brain and spinal cord from mechanical injury (shock absorber)
  • Circulation for the exchange of nutrients and waste products
  • Chemical protection= provides optimal ionic composition for accurate neural signaling
19
Q

What cells produce the CSF

A

ependymal cells, they produce it from blood plasma

20
Q

What are the choroid plexuses

A

networks of capillaries of the ventricles covered in the ependymal cells

21
Q

What compromises the 1st and 2nd ventricles

A

the lateral ventricles

22
Q

Where is the 3rd ventricle located

A

between the R and L halves of the thalamus

23
Q

Where is the 4th ventricle located

A

between the brain stem and the cerebellum

24
Q

Describe the flow of CSF circulation

A

CSF formed in lateral ventricle flows to third ventricle=> then via the cerebral aqueduct CSF flows to the four ventricle=> then via the central canal CSF flows to the spinal cord and the subarachnoid spaces

-CSF is produced in all 4 ventricles

25
Q

Where is CSF reabsorbed

A

the arachnoid villi

26
Q

What are arachnoid villi

A

areas of projections from the subarachnoid space to the dural venous sinus

27
Q

What is hydrocephalous

A

condition in which excessive CSF fluid builds in the brain causing increased cranial pressure

-can be present at birth or develop later in life

28
Q

How is hydrocephalous treated

A
  • shunt system that diverts CSF from CNS to the heart or abd cavity
  • if a certain type of obstructive hydrocephalus then it maybe treated by creating a small hole in the floor of the 3rd ventricle via neuroscope

A&P1 Test 3 CNS (9 decks)

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