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MHD2 Neuro > Meningeal coverings, Ventricles and CSF > Flashcards

Meningeal coverings, Ventricles and CSF Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 types of meningeal coverings?

A
  • Dura mater
  • Arachnoid
  • Pia
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2
Q

Pia + Arachnoid gives you what?

A

Leptomeninges

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3
Q

Function of Dura mater

A
  • Provides mechanical strength
  • Separates different intracranial components
  • Contains venous sinuses
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4
Q

What kind of sense does the Dura Mater contain?

A

It is pain sensitive, with innervation by the trigeminal nerves anteriorly and by spinal nerve fibers posteriorly.

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5
Q

Function of the Arachnoid layer

A

Forms a barrier, which blocks the movement of items from one side of the barrier to another.

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6
Q

What suspends the brain in the skull cavity?

A

The arachnoid trabeculae, which insert into the pia mater..

These trabeculae are strands of collagenous connective tissue and scattered cells

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7
Q

Falx cerebri

A

Separates one hemisphere from the other

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8
Q

Tentorium Cerebelli

A

“Tent” which covers cerebellum

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9
Q

Tentorial notch/incisure

A

The anterior opening between the free edge of the tentorium cerebelli and the clivus for the passage of the brainstem.

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10
Q

Where is the sub-arachnoid space and what fills it?

A

It is found between layers of arachnoid and pia mater. It is filled with CSF and arteries and veins travel through it.

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11
Q

Arachnoid villi

A

In-pouchings of sinuses which allow CSF to exit the subarachnoid space.

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12
Q

Pia mater thicken up to form what 2 structures?

A

2 LIGAMENTS

(1) Denticulate
(2) Filum terminale

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13
Q

Function of denticulate ligaments

A

Helps to hold the spinal cord in place via lateral attachments.

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14
Q

Inner layer of cranial dura is continuous with…

A

Spinal dural sheath at foramen magnum

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15
Q

What fills the spinal epidural space?

A

Connective tissue and vertebral venous plexus

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16
Q

Percentages of origin for CSF

A

60%- Choroid plexus
30%- capillary bed
10%- metabolic

17
Q

The 3rd ventricle is at the location of the…

A

Thalmus

18
Q

The _____ forms a roof over the 4th ventricle.

A

Cerebellum

19
Q

How does CSF end up surrounding the brain and spinal cord?

A

(1) Made in ventricles
(2) Exits via median/lateral apertures
(3) Enters cisterns
(4) Goes through tentorial notch
(5) enters venous sinuses via arachnoid villi

20
Q

Choroid plexus

A

The BLOOD-CSF BARRIER

3 main components:

(1) Capillary -fenestrated
(2) Pia
(3) Choroid Epithelium

21
Q

Choroid epithelium

A

Specialized ependymal, connected via tight junctions, numerous microvilli facing CSF, and numerous mitochondria.

The product of when ependymal cells get close to pia.

22
Q

What looks like “Mickey Mouse” in cross-section?

A

The Midbrain

23
Q

Everything made in the brain is absorbed and moves via the…

A

Arachnoid villi

24
Q

Where does transfer of water in brain occur and via what type of process.

A

This transfer occurs mostly in the choroid fissure and is an ACTIVE process.

25
Q

Choroid plexus is mainly in which ventricle(s)

A

Lateral 3rd and 4th

26
Q

Ventricle right above the pons.

A

4th

27
Q

The cerebral aqueduct is right above…

A

The 4th ventricle

28
Q

Functioning of CSF

A

Mostly mechanical support (buoyancy).

Transport system/way to get rid of things.

Route for spread of neuroactive hormones

29
Q

What happens when CSF does not absorb correctly?

A

Hydrocephalus- pathological state characterized by excessive accumulation of CSF in the ventricles/subarachnoid spaces

30
Q

Function of circumventricular organs

A

Communication and balance creation between blood, brain parenchyma and CSF (interconnections to hypothalamus and brainstem)

31
Q

Tanycytes

A

Specialized ependymal cells that overlie circumventricular organs

32
Q

What kind of action is associated with AREA POSTREMA?

A

Sensory

33
Q

What kind of action is associated NEUROHYPOPHYSIS?

A

Secretory

34
Q

What should be in the epidural space?

A

There should truly not be any space at all. The only thing which should be present here are blood vessels.

35
Q

When does bleeding normally occur in the epidural space?

A

Trauma, and usually in younger people due to more physical lifestyles.

36
Q

Aneurysms are usually in the…

A

Subarachnoid space

37
Q

What is the major bleeder oft associated with brain herniation?

A

The middle meningeal artery

MHD2 Neuro (22 decks)

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