Cerebellum

Question 1

Cerebellum receives what type of info?

Answer 1

AFFERENT

Vestibular, proprioception, all senses etc.

Question 2

The 2 large groups of axons that information which enters the cerebellum is divided into.

Answer 2

Mossy fibers

Climbing fibers

Question 3

Climbing Fibers

Answer 3

-Originate from INFERIOR OLIVARY NUCLEUS

Question 4

Mossy Fibers

Answer 4

-All fibers which enter the cerebellum which DO NOT originate from inferior olivary nucleus

Question 5

Almost all of the information which is analyzed via the cerebellum exits via…

Answer 5

Purkinje cell fibers

Question 6

What kind of neurons are purkinje cells and where do they project?

Answer 6

They are inhibitory neurons and project to Deep Cerebellar nuclei, which go on to project to different parts of the brainstem/ thalamus.

Question 7

Output of cerebellum mainly goes to…

Answer 7

Thalamus and Red nucleus, as well as the reticular formation

Question 8

The cerebellum DOES/DOES NOT connect directly to the spinal cord.

Answer 8

Does Not

Question 9

The cerebellum is connected to the brainstem via…

Answer 9

Superior, middle, and inferior peduncles

Question 10

Which cerebellar peduncles bring information IN to the cerebellum?

Answer 10

Middle (via motor parts of the cortex) and Inferior (vestibular, brainstem [olive] and spinal cord])

Question 11

Which cerebellar peduncles take information OUT of the cerebellum?

Answer 11

Superior. Not that much information comes out, though a lot goes in.

Question 12

Divisions of the cerebellum

Answer 12

ANATOMICAL Divisions:
Anterior lobe, posterior lobe, floccularnodule lobe

FUNCTIONAL Divisions:
Vermis (middle), medial and lateral hemispheres on either side, floccular nodule lobe.

Question 13

Fibers in the middle cerebellar peduncle, mainly travel to…

Answer 13

The lateral cerebellar hemispheres

Question 14

Fibers from the inferior cerebellar peduncle, mainly travel to…

Answer 14

The floccularnodule lobe, the vermis, and the lateral hemispheres.

Question 15

Purkinje cells at the vermis project to what kind of nuclei? P.cells more medial? P.cells which are lateral?

Answer 15

Fastigial nuclei

Interposed nuclei

Dentate nuclei

Question 16

Affect of a legion in the cerebral cortex vs in the cerebellum.

Answer 16

Cerebral cortex– causes issues on opposite side.

Cerebellum– causes issues on same side.

Question 17

Left cerebral cortex controls which cerebellar cortex?

Answer 17

Right cerebellar cortex

Question 18

Relationship between cerebellar location and part of body which is influenced.

Answer 18

Vermis– trunk

Lateral ends– more distal limbs

Question 19

Although primarily tasked to receive afferents, there are some efferents that come from the inferior cerebellar peduncle. What are they called?

Answer 19

Vestibular nuclei

Question 20

Although primarily tasked to send out efferents, what is the major AFFERENT which goes to the superior cerebellar peduncle?

Answer 20

Anterior Spinocerebellar Tract

Question 21

Fastigial nucleus

Answer 21

Type of DEEP CEREBELLAR NUCLEI

Most of its output will go to vestibular nuclei,, which gives rise to tracts which will mainly enter the spinal cord or the MLF

Receives input from FLOCCULARNODULE LOBE

Question 22

MLF fibers do what?

Answer 22

Has fibers which coordinate eye movements with head and neck movements.

Question 23

Interposed nucleus

Answer 23

Major input is from VERMAL STRUCTURES and some of the CORTEX right next to it.

The interposed nucleus then sends projections into the superior cerebellar peduncle which then decussates and ends in the RED NUCLEUS.

Question 24

The red nucleus passes information via what tract?

Answer 24

Rubrospinal tract

Question 25

Most of the cerebellar hemisphere projects to the…

Answer 25

Dentate nucleus, which itself projects to:

• A different part of the red nucleus
• Up to the thalamus
• Down to the inferior olivary nucleus (via red nucleus)

Question 26

How many layers of purkinje cells are there?

Answer 26

One

Question 27

Excitement of a purkinje cell causes…

Answer 27

Inhibition of deep nuclei, causing a decrease of its output

Question 28

First synapse of mossy fibers.

Answer 28

Granular cells

Question 29

When a purkinje cell is excited, what affect does that have on other purkinje fibers?

Answer 29

When it is activated, it makes sure that cells near it do not also become activated. If so, they would over inhibit.

Question 30

Romberg sign

Answer 30

When someone puts their feet together and falls over when they close their eyes and lose their balance.

Indicative of a posterior column problem.