Cerebellum Flashcards
Cerebellum receives what type of info?
AFFERENT
Vestibular, proprioception, all senses etc.
The 2 large groups of axons that information which enters the cerebellum is divided into.
Mossy fibers
Climbing fibers
Climbing Fibers
-Originate from INFERIOR OLIVARY NUCLEUS
Mossy Fibers
-All fibers which enter the cerebellum which DO NOT originate from inferior olivary nucleus
Almost all of the information which is analyzed via the cerebellum exits via…
Purkinje cell fibers
What kind of neurons are purkinje cells and where do they project?
They are inhibitory neurons and project to Deep Cerebellar nuclei, which go on to project to different parts of the brainstem/ thalamus.
Output of cerebellum mainly goes to…
Thalamus and Red nucleus, as well as the reticular formation
The cerebellum DOES/DOES NOT connect directly to the spinal cord.
Does Not
The cerebellum is connected to the brainstem via…
Superior, middle, and inferior peduncles
Which cerebellar peduncles bring information IN to the cerebellum?
Middle (via motor parts of the cortex) and Inferior (vestibular, brainstem [olive] and spinal cord])
Which cerebellar peduncles take information OUT of the cerebellum?
Superior. Not that much information comes out, though a lot goes in.
Divisions of the cerebellum
ANATOMICAL Divisions:
Anterior lobe, posterior lobe, floccularnodule lobe
FUNCTIONAL Divisions:
Vermis (middle), medial and lateral hemispheres on either side, floccular nodule lobe.
Fibers in the middle cerebellar peduncle, mainly travel to…
The lateral cerebellar hemispheres
Fibers from the inferior cerebellar peduncle, mainly travel to…
The floccularnodule lobe, the vermis, and the lateral hemispheres.
Purkinje cells at the vermis project to what kind of nuclei? P.cells more medial? P.cells which are lateral?
Fastigial nuclei
Interposed nuclei
Dentate nuclei
Affect of a legion in the cerebral cortex vs in the cerebellum.
Cerebral cortex– causes issues on opposite side.
Cerebellum– causes issues on same side.
Left cerebral cortex controls which cerebellar cortex?
Right cerebellar cortex
Relationship between cerebellar location and part of body which is influenced.
Vermis– trunk
Lateral ends– more distal limbs
Although primarily tasked to receive afferents, there are some efferents that come from the inferior cerebellar peduncle. What are they called?
Vestibular nuclei
Although primarily tasked to send out efferents, what is the major AFFERENT which goes to the superior cerebellar peduncle?
Anterior Spinocerebellar Tract
Fastigial nucleus
Type of DEEP CEREBELLAR NUCLEI
Most of its output will go to vestibular nuclei,, which gives rise to tracts which will mainly enter the spinal cord or the MLF
Receives input from FLOCCULARNODULE LOBE
MLF fibers do what?
Has fibers which coordinate eye movements with head and neck movements.
Interposed nucleus
Major input is from VERMAL STRUCTURES and some of the CORTEX right next to it.
The interposed nucleus then sends projections into the superior cerebellar peduncle which then decussates and ends in the RED NUCLEUS.
The red nucleus passes information via what tract?
Rubrospinal tract
Most of the cerebellar hemisphere projects to the…
Dentate nucleus, which itself projects to:
- A different part of the red nucleus
- Up to the thalamus
- Down to the inferior olivary nucleus (via red nucleus)
How many layers of purkinje cells are there?
One
Excitement of a purkinje cell causes…
Inhibition of deep nuclei, causing a decrease of its output
First synapse of mossy fibers.
Granular cells
When a purkinje cell is excited, what affect does that have on other purkinje fibers?
When it is activated, it makes sure that cells near it do not also become activated. If so, they would over inhibit.
Romberg sign
When someone puts their feet together and falls over when they close their eyes and lose their balance.
Indicative of a posterior column problem.
