Mendelian Inheritance and It's Extensions I Flashcards
Mendelian Inheritance:
An inheritance that conforms to Mendel’s laws
Extensions of mendelian inheritance:
Examples of inheritance that conform to Mendel’s law but were not observed by Mendel in his experiment.
How is chromosome length related to how many genes a chromosome has:
Longer chromosomes have more genes than shorter ones.
What is the longest human chromosome, and how many genes does it have:
The longest is chromosome 1.
It has 3000 genes.
Which human chromosome has the fewest genes:
The Y chromosome has the fewest genes.
It has 350 genes.
What is the average number of genes per human chromosome:
The average number of genes per chromosome is 1000.
locus:
The position of a gene.
Alleles:
Paired genes.
Genotype:
Gene’s allele combination in a particular individual.
Homozygous:
When the two alleles are identical.
Heterozygous:
When the two alleles are different.
Homozygote / Heterozygote
Refers to individuals who have a particular homozygous or heterozygous genotype.
Phenotype:
The trait produced by a particular genotype.
Complete dominance:
One allele completely masks the effect of the other allele.
Incomplete dominance/ Co-dominance:
Alleles are neither dominant nor recessive.
Example of complete dominance:
Height in pea plants.
A character controlled by one gene.
Seed:
Contains a plant embryo.
Hermaphrodite:
Contains male and female reproductive systems.
Example of incomplete dominance:
Flower color in the four o’clock plant.
Feather pattern in parakeets.
Example of co-dominance:
Coat color in cattle.
Blood type in humans.
Mendelian inheritance has to do with alleles that are:
Codominant.
The genotype of incomplete dominance.
Two Homozygous
One Heterozygous (Blend)
Codominance:
The phenotype produces their alleles independently from one another.
