Chromosomes and Cell Division I.

Question 1

New cells are formed by a process called:

Answer 1

Cell Division.

Question 2

Mother cell:

Answer 2

A cell that gives rise to other cells.

Question 3

Daughter cell:

Answer 3

Genetically identical cells that are formed when a cell undergoes division by mitosis.

Question 4

Genetic Variation:

Answer 4

Located in or near genes and produces character differences called traits.

Question 5

Binary Fission:

Answer 5

The way prokaryotic cells divide.

Question 6

Eukaryotic cells divide by:

Answer 6

Mitosis or meiosis.

Question 7

Monad:

Answer 7

A single chromatid within a dyad.

Question 8

Chromatid:

Answer 8

The two copies of a chromosome after replication.

Question 9

Sister chromatid:

Answer 9

Chromatids that are joined to each other at a region of DNA called the centromere to form a unit.

Question 10

Ftsz Protein:

Answer 10

A protein encoded by the ftsZ gene that assembles into a ring at the future site of bacterial cell division.

Question 11

True/False:
Each monad has a centromere

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Kinetochore:

Answer 12

Group of proteins that are bound to the centromere.

Question 13

What are monads called when they separate from each other?

Answer 13

Chromosome.

Question 14

Somatic cells:

Answer 14

Any cell of a living organism other than the reproductive cells.

Question 15

Germ cells:

Answer 15

They are reproductive cells.
Most germ cells divide by mitosis, only mature germ cells divide by meiosis.

Question 16

Which of the two cell types makes up the majority of cells in the body?

Answer 16

Somatic & germ cells.

Question 17

Which cell type divides exclusively by mitosis?

Answer 17

Somatic cells.

Question 18

Which cell type can divide by mitosis and meiosis?

Answer 18

Germ cells.

Question 19

Interphase:

Answer 19

The period before mitosis.

The cell prepares for mitosis.

Question 20

Three parts of Interphase:

Answer 20

G1: The cell may prepare to divide.

S: Chromosomes are duplicated.

G2: The cell accumulates the materials necessary for nuclear
and cell division

Question 21

True / False:
Dyads are present in the mother cell at the start of mitosis.

Answer 21

True.

Question 22

Metaphase:

Answer 22

Alignment of dyads along the metaphase plate.

Question 23

Anaphase:

Answer 23

Separation of dyads into chromosomes.

Question 24

Telophase:

Answer 24

Movement of chromosomes toward centrosomes.
The chromosomes reach their respective poles and decondense

Question 25

Spindle:

Answer 25

Moves dyads and chromosomes during mitosis.

Question 26

Metaphase plate:

Answer 26

The midway point between two centrosomes.

Question 27

Prophase & Promatephase:

Answer 27

Dyad condensation.
Assembly of kinetochores at centromeres.
Spindle formation.
Attachment of dyads to the spindle.

Question 28

Number of attachment to the centromere in mitosis:

Answer 28

2.

Question 29

The spindle consists of:

Answer 29

Centrosomes and microtubules.

Question 30

Microtubules are produced by:

Answer 30

Centrosomes.

Question 31

Where do microtubules attach to dyads?

Answer 31

Centromere.

Question 32

How many centrosomes at the beginning of interphase:

Answer 32

1
The chromosomes duplicate then they become 2.

Question 33

Cytokinesis:

Answer 33

Division of the mother cell into two daughter cells.

Question 34

Cytokinesis in plant cells involves:

Answer 34

cell plate formation.

Question 35

Cytokinesis in animal cells involves:

Answer 35

Cleavage furrow.