Mendelaian Inheritance and It's Extensions II.

Question 1

Homozygous Alleles:

Answer 1

Produce the same traits.

Question 2

Heterozygous Alleles:

Answer 2

Produces different traits.

Question 3

Population:

Answer 3

A group of individuals of the same species that have the potential to interbred & produce fertile offspring.

Question 4

Symbols for blood type:

Answer 4

I^A
I^B
i

Question 5

The most common blood type allele:

Answer 5

i.

Question 6

Frequency of I^A allele

Answer 6

21% (Second most).

Question 7

Frequency of I^B allele:

Answer 7

16% ( Least common).

Question 8

Wild type allele:

Answer 8

The common allele of a gene.
There might be multiple wild type alleles in a population.

Question 9

Wild type traits:

Answer 9

Produced by wild-type alleles.
Wild-type traits confer a selective advantage.

Question 10

Natural population:

Answer 10

A population that has not been altered by selective breeding.

Question 11

Selective breeding:

Answer 11

Occurs when humans select plants or animals for desirable traits.

Question 12

Genetic Polymorphism:

Answer 12

Multiple wild-type alleles in one gene.
Ex: Elderflower Orchid.

Question 13

Mutation:

Answer 13

An event that changes the DNA sequence.

Question 14

Mutant Allele:

Answer 14

A new allele produced by mutation.

They are usually loss of function alleles.

Question 15

Mutant Traits:

Answer 15

Produced by mutant alleles.

Question 16

Loss of function allele:

Answer 16

Reduction in gene activity.

Question 17

Types of Loss of function alleles.

Answer 17

Hypermorphic allele.
Null allele.

Question 18

Hypermorphic allele:

Answer 18

Some gene activity but less than wild type.

Question 19

Null alleles:

Answer 19

No gene activity.

Question 20

Example of Hypermorphic allele in cats:

Answer 20

Dilution gene.

Question 21

Dilution gene:

Answer 21

Regulate pigment deposition in hair.
More pigment = Darker hair.

Question 22

Example of Null allele in cats:

Answer 22

Tyrosine Gene.

Question 23

Tyrosine gene:

Answer 23

Makes the pigment that is deposited in hairs.

This gene is temperature sensitive.

Question 24

Conditional allele:

Answer 24

A type of Hypermorphic allele.

The gene activity of the allele is reduced under some environmental conditions.

Question 25

Example of conditional allele:

Answer 25

Temperature-sensitive conditional allele.

Question 26

Temperature-dependent allele
More active during:
Less active during:

Answer 26

Cooler Temp.
Warmer Temp.

Question 27

Siamese cats have darker fur:

Answer 27

Ears.
Nose.
Tail.
Legs.

Question 28

Siamese cats have lighter fur:

Answer 28

Back of the head.
neck.
Trunk.

Question 29

Lethal Allele:

Answer 29

The phenotype of death.

Kills the organism.

Most lethal alleles are recessive to other alleles.