Chromosomes and cell division II.

Question 1

What is a source of genetic variation:

Answer 1

Sexual reproduction.

Question 2

The process of sexual reproduction:

Answer 2

The fusion of two gametes to create a new individual.

Question 3

Fertilization:

Answer 3

Two gamete fusion to create an individual.

Question 4

Gamete:

Answer 4

Mature germ cell.

Question 5

Zygote:

Answer 5

The single cell with two sets of chromosome that is produced when a two gamete fuse.

Question 6

Sperm:

Answer 6

Male germ cell.

Question 7

Egg:

Answer 7

Female germ cell.

Question 8

How many sets of chromosomes does a zygote have?

Answer 8

2 sets.

Question 9

Haploid:

Answer 9

A cell that has 1 set of complete 23 chromosome (Gamete).

Question 10

Diploid:

Answer 10

A cell that has 2 sets of complete 46 chromosome (Somatic).

Question 11

Immature germ cells are:

Answer 11

Diploids.

Question 12

At what point to germ cells switch from mitosis to meiosis?

Answer 12

When it has matured to a gamete.

Question 13

Where are tetrads found in meiosis?

Answer 13

Meiosis 1.

Question 14

Crossing over:

Answer 14

Occurs when a tetrad forms.

Homologous monad exchange DNA.

This is important for genetic variation.

Question 15

Microtubule attachment in meiosis 1:

Answer 15

Each dyad is attached to a microtubule from only one centrosome.

Question 16

Purpose of meiosis 1:

Answer 16

To separate homologous dyads, ending with dyad.

Question 17

Microtubule attachment in meiosis 2:

Answer 17

Each dyad is attached to a microtubule from both centrosomes.

Question 18

The end result of meiosis 2:

Answer 18

To produce 4 haploid daughter cell.