Memory: Types Of Long Temr Memory

Question 1

Who was Tulving and what did he propose

Answer 1

• 1st to realise the MSM’s view of the LTM was too simplistic and inflexible
• he proposed there are actually 3 LTM stores: episodic, semantic and procedural

Question 2

What are the three evaluation points for the types of LTM

Answer 2

• support from clinical evidence
• support from neuroimaging evidence
• real life applications

Question 3

Outline ‘support from clinical evidence’ as an evaluation point for the types of LTM

Answer 3

• episodic memory in Clive wearing and Henry molaison were severely impaired because of amnesia
• their semantic memories were relatively unaffected
• their procedural memories were also intact (Clive wearing could play the piano)

Question 4

Outline ‘support from neuroimaging evidence’ as an evaluation point for the types of LTM

Answer 4

• evidence from brain studies suggest different types of memory are stored in different parts
• Tulving et al - had ppts perform various memory tasks while brains were scanned using a PET scanner
• episodic memories - recalled from the right prefrontal cortex
• semantic memories - recalled from the left prefrontal cortex
• this is confirmed by other researchers - enhances validity

Question 5

Outline ‘real life application’ as an evaluation point for the types of LTM

Answer 5

• Being able to identify different aspects of the LTM allows psychologists to target certain kinds of memory to better peoples lives
• Belleville et al - showed episodic memories could be improved in the elderly who had mild cognitive impairment
• the trained ppts performed better on a test of episodic memory after training than the control group