Memory: Cogntive Interview Flashcards
1
Q
What is the cognitive interview
A
- created by Fisher and Geiselman - who argued EWT could be improved if police used better techniques when interviewing witnesses
- there are 4 main techniques they created
2
Q
What are the 4 techniques used in cognitive interviews
A
- report everything
- reinstate context
- reverse the order
- change perspective
3
Q
What is the ‘enhanced cognitive interview’
A
- fisher et al developed some additional elements to the cognitive interview to focus on the social dynamics of the interaction
- e.g. minimising distractions, when and when not to use eye contact
4
Q
What are the three evaluation points for the cognitive interview
A
- the cognitive interview is time consuming
- some elements are more valuable that others
- research support for effectiveness of the ECI
5
Q
Outline ‘the CI is time consuming’ as an evaluation point for the cognitive interview
A
- police may be reluctant to use the CI because it takes more time than a standard police interview
- also requires special training and many forces are not able to provide more than a few hours
- so it is unlikely the ‘proper’ version of the CI is actually used
6
Q
Outline ‘some elements are more valuable than others’ as an evaluation point for the cognitive interview
A
- Milne and Bull - found each individual element equally valuable
- each technique used on its own produced more info than a standard police interview
- however, they also found using a combination of ‘report everything’ and ‘reinstate context’ produced better recall than any of the other conditions
- this is a strength because it shows the CI can be narrowed down even further
7
Q
Outline ‘research support for the effectiveness of the ECI’ as an evaluation point for the cognitive interview
A
- research suggests the ECI may offer special benefits
- meta analysis by Kohnken et al combined data from 50 studies
- found the ECI consistently provided more correct info than standard police interviews
