Memory: multi-store model of memory Flashcards
who proposed the multi-store model of memory?
Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968)
what is the main assumption of the multi-store memory model?
there are three unitary memory stores and that information is transferred between this stores in a linear sequence
what are the three main stores in the multi-store model of memory?
sensory memory, short-term memory and long-term memory
name the capacity, coding and duration of the sensory memory
duration - 1/4 to 1/2 second
capacity - all sensory experience
encoding - sense specific
name the coding, capacity and duration of the short term memory
duration - 0-18 seconds
capacity - 7 +/-2 items
coding - mainly auditory
how is information lost in the short term memory?
displacement or decay
what is maintenance rehearsal? what does it allow?
process of verbally or mentally repeating information
allows duration of short-term memory to be extended beyond 30 seconds
what happens if maintenance rehearsal does not occur?
information is forgotten and lost from short term memory through processes of displacement or decay
name the coding, capacity and duration of long-term memory
duration - limited
capacity - unlimited
coding - mainly semantic
outline one strength of the multi-store model of memory
research support from studies showing STM + LTM are different
e.g Baddeley (1966)
- found we tend to confuse words that sound similar when using STM
- we confuse words that have similar meanings when using LTMs
Study shows STM+LTM are separate and independent stores as claimed by MSM.
outline one weakness of the multi-store model of memory
[shallice and warrington, 1970]
evidence of more than one STM store
Shallice and Warrington (1970)
- studied patient KF, had amnesia
KF’s STM for digits very poor when read to him
Recall much better when he read digits out loud to himself
evidence suggests MSM is wrong in claiming there’s one STM store processing different types of info
